Prevent Fabric Paint Soak With These Simple Steps

Painting on fabric can be a fun way to transform clothing, upholstery, and other items. However, it can be tricky to get right, and you may need to do some extra preparation to keep the integrity of your design. One common issue is paint soaking into the fabric, which can be prevented by using a fabric medium, dampening the fabric before painting, and heat-setting the paint after it has dried.

Use fabric medium

Using a fabric medium is an effective way to keep fabric paint from soaking into the fabric. Fabric medium can be mixed with acrylic paint to make it suitable for use on textiles. It allows the paint to permeate the fabric more deeply, preventing it from simply sitting on top. This results in a softer finish that more closely resembles the original texture of the fabric.

There are several fabric mediums available in the market, such as the one offered by Martha Stewart, which is relatively inexpensive and can be mixed with any brand of acrylic paint. To use a fabric medium, simply mix one part fabric medium with two parts acrylic paint. This ratio can be adjusted slightly, and you don't need to be exact with the measurements. For example, you can mix one capful of medium with two capfuls of paint. The fabric medium will thin out the paint slightly, giving it an ink-like consistency.

After mixing the fabric medium with the paint, you can apply it to the fabric using various tools such as brushes, applicators, fingers, markers, or sponges. It is important to work on a stable surface and keep the fabric taut using clips or pins to prevent it from moving. If you are using a stencil, consider using spray adhesive to keep it in place.

Once you have finished painting, allow the fabric to dry completely before heat-setting it. Heat-setting can be done using an iron, a hairdryer, or a dryer. If using an iron, place a scrap piece of fabric or cloth between the iron and the painted surface to prevent any paint transfer. Set your iron to a medium or low heat setting without steam and continuously move it over the fabric for 3-5 minutes to avoid scorching. After heat-setting, wait at least four to five days before washing the fabric.

Heat setting

It is recommended to turn the fabric inside out before washing and to use a gentle cycle with warm water and mild laundry detergent. Using fabric softener will keep designs flexible and prevent cracking. Remember to line dry and, when pressing your hand-painted fabric, always iron from the inside or back side, never touching the paint directly with the iron.

Dampen the fabric

Dampening your fabric before painting can improve adhesion and allow the paint to flow more easily into the fibres. This technique is especially useful if you are creating a tie-dye effect, as it allows the colours to bleed into each other.

If you are using acrylic paint, it is recommended to dampen the fabric before painting. This will help to make the final product more flexible and comfortable, especially if it is intended to be worn.

When dampening fabric, it is important not to make it too wet, as this can dilute the colours and cause them to bleed. The fabric should only be damp, allowing the water to soak into the fibres for a few minutes before applying the paint.

You can experiment with different levels of wetness to see what works best for your project. It is also recommended to tape or temporarily glue the fabric to a board before painting to keep it secure and prevent smudging.

Once you have finished painting, allow the fabric to dry thoroughly. Then, heat set the paint with an iron to ensure it adheres to the fabric and to prevent cracking, peeling, or fading.

Choose the right paint

Choosing the right paint is crucial to achieving the desired finish and ensuring the paint adheres to the fabric. Here are some factors to consider when selecting the right paint for your fabric:

Fabric Type

The type of fabric you are working with will play a significant role in choosing the right paint. Different fabrics require different types of chemical bonds for adherence. For example, natural fabrics like cotton and linen tend to be more absorbent and may require different paint compared to synthetic fabrics like polyester or nylon.

Paint Type

There are various types of fabric paint available, each with its advantages and considerations. Here are some common options:

• Acrylic-based paints: Acrylic paint is a popular choice due to its versatility, permanence, and ease of use. It adheres well to most fabrics and is usually the most affordable option. However, it may crack over time, especially if not properly heat-set or mixed with a fabric medium.
• Fabric dyes: Fabric dyes are specifically designed to adhere to various types of fibres. They are ideal if you want the paint to soak into the fabric rather than sit on top. When using fabric dyes, ensure you choose a dye suitable for the specific type of fabric you are working with.
• Alcohol-based pigments: These pigments work well on fabric as they soak into the fibres. However, they may not provide as rich a saturation as acrylic paints or dyes, and a protective sealant may be necessary to prevent fading.

Finish and Technique

Consider the finish you want to achieve and the painting technique you plan to use. For detailed work, fine-tipped markers or pens are ideal, while liquids are suitable for block painting, and sprays excel at covering large areas. The chosen technique may also influence the type of paint you select.

Fabric Medium

If you opt for acrylic paint, consider mixing it with a fabric medium to improve its durability on the fabric. Fabric medium helps the paint adhere to the fabric and reduces the chances of cracking. It is typically inexpensive and available at art or paint supply stores.

Remember, the key to choosing the right paint is considering the fabric type, the desired finish, and the specific requirements of your project.

Wash correctly

When it comes to washing fabric that has been painted, there are several steps you can take to ensure the paint stays in place and maintains its vibrancy. Firstly, it is crucial to allow the paint to dry completely before washing. This typically takes around 72 hours, but it may vary depending on the paint type and fabric. Once the paint is dry, turn the fabric inside out before placing it in the washing machine. This will protect the painted surface during the wash cycle.

Select a gentle wash cycle, and use cold or warm water, avoiding hot water to prevent potential damage to the paint. Use a mild laundry detergent and avoid harsh chemicals or bleach, as these may cause the paint to fade or crack. It is also recommended to add a fabric softener to the wash, as this will keep the painted design flexible and further prevent cracking.

After the wash cycle, it is best to line dry the fabric rather than using a tumble dryer. If needed, ironing can be done, but it is important never to place a hot iron directly onto the painted surface, as this can cause the paint to melt or become damaged. Instead, always place a pressing cloth or paper towel over the painted area before ironing, and use a low heat setting of approximately 100°C for 3-5 minutes to fix the paint in place.

These steps will help ensure that your painted fabric can be safely washed and maintained, keeping the paint intact and vibrant for as long as possible.

Frequently asked questions