
Adobe Illustrator is a powerful tool for creating and editing vector graphics, allowing users to achieve a painted look in their designs. While it is not primarily designed for photo editing, users can paint over images in Illustrator by employing various techniques, such as using the Live Paint Bucket tool, image tracing, or combining multiple photos to create a unique composition. This process involves creativity and aesthetic decisions about line character, marks, and colour choices. Users can also utilise built-in brushes or create their own to achieve the desired painted effect.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Primary methods of painting | Apply a fill, a stroke, or both to an entire object |
| Types of fill | Solid, gradient, pattern |
| Types of brushes | Calligraphic, art, bristle, scatter, pattern |
| Stroke settings | Weight, cap, corner, align stroke |
| Tools | Live paint bucket, twirl, pucker, bloat, scallop, wrinkle |
| Other applications | Photoshop, Gimp, Procreate, CreatureHouse Expression 3 |
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What You'll Learn

Using the Live Paint Bucket tool
The Live Paint Bucket tool in Adobe Illustrator allows you to add colour and paint areas within your vector objects quickly and easily. It works similarly to the traditional paint bucket tool in Adobe Photoshop.
To use the Live Paint Bucket tool, first select the vector object or objects that you would like to colour. Then, select the Live Paint Bucket tool from the tool menu and click inside the area that you want to be coloured. The selected area will then be filled with the current fill colour. If you want to switch colours, simply select a new colour from the swatch menu and continue painting.
If some vector objects are not completely closed, the Live Paint Bucket tool may not fill them in. To fix this, go to "Object" -> "Live Paint" -> "Gap Options" and select "Large Gaps". You can also specify a custom pt size gap that you want the Live Paint Bucket tool to fill in.
The Live Paint Bucket tool can be used in conjunction with the blob brush tool to add the illusion of a light source and shadows to your illustration. It is important to note that certain properties may be lost when converting objects to a Live Paint group, such as transparency and effects, and some objects cannot be converted at all, such as type, bitmap images, and brushes.
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Converting bitmap images to Live Paint
To convert a bitmap image to a Live Paint group, you must first convert the image into a vector format using the Image Trace function in Illustrator. Open Illustrator and select File > Place, then choose your bitmap image. Once the image is placed on the canvas, select Window > Image Trace to open the Image Trace panel. Here, you will find various preset options to choose from, including Auto-Color, High Colour, Low Colour, Grayscale, Black and White, and Outline. These presets will determine the style of your traced image.
After applying the desired preset, you can now convert the traced image into a Live Paint group. Select Object > Live Paint > Make to initiate the conversion. At this point, your bitmap image has been successfully converted into a Live Paint group, and you can begin colouring the individual paths within the group.
It's worth noting that certain properties may be lost during the conversion process. For example, transparency and effects will not be retained. Additionally, some objects cannot be directly converted into Live Paint groups, including type, bitmap images, and brushes. In such cases, you must first convert these objects into paths before creating the Live Paint group.
By following these steps, you can effectively convert bitmap images into Live Paint groups in Adobe Illustrator, allowing you to utilise the powerful editing capabilities of Live Paint and create vibrant, editable artworks.
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Applying fills and strokes
Adobe Illustrator provides two primary methods of painting: applying a Fill, a Stroke, or both to an entire object; or converting the object to a Live Paint group and applying a Fill and a Stroke to the separate edges and faces of paths within it. A Fill is the interior colour, gradient, or pattern inside an object, adding visual weight, depth, and texture to vector shapes. There are three types of Fill: Solid, which applies a uniform colour evenly across the entire shape; Gradient, which creates a gradual blend between two or more colours; and Pattern, which fills the shape with a repeating design or texture. To apply a fill colour, select a colour from the Control panel, Color panel, Swatches panel, Gradient panel, or a swatch library. Alternatively, double-click the Fill box and select a colour using the Colour Picker.
A Stroke, on the other hand, is the visible outline of a path or object, defining its edge or contour. It can be styled to complement or contrast with the Fill. To apply a stroke, select the Stroke box in the toolbar, the Colour panel, or the Control panel. Then, select a colour from the Colour panel or a swatch from the Swatches panel or Control panel. Alternatively, you can double-click the Stroke box to select a colour using the Colour Picker.
When working with the Live Paint group, brush styles can only be applied to edges after adding a Stroke to the group from the Appearance panel. To customise Stroke settings, select Window > Stroke to open the Stroke panel and adjust the following settings: Weight, which sets the thickness of the Stroke; Cap, which defines the shape of the stroke's endpoints; Corner, which controls the appearance of corners where path segments meet; and Align Stroke, which specifies whether the Stroke is aligned to the centre, inside, or outside of the path.
The Stroke panel can also be used to select all objects with the same stroke weight. To do this, select an object with that stroke weight or choose the stroke weight from the Stroke panel. Then, choose Select > Same > Stroke Weight. Additionally, the Appearance panel can be used to create multiple fills and strokes for the same object, allowing for the creation of interesting effects.
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Using brushes and the Brushes panel
To paint over an image in Illustrator, you can use the Paintbrush Tool (B) and the Brush Panel, which are some of its most powerful tools. The Paintbrush Tool functions like the Pencil Tool, allowing you to click and drag to create a path. However, the Paintbrush Tool applies predefined vector art to the paths you create.
To use the Paintbrush Tool, simply click on it or press B to select it. Then, choose a brush from the Brush Menu of the Properties Panel. You can now drag to draw a path. To draw a closed path, press and hold Option (macOS) or Alt (Windows) while you drag.
The Brush Panel offers a wide variety of brushes to bring your illustrations to life, including the Bristle Brush, which allows you to paint with layers of vector strokes that apply different shades and transparencies to create a beautiful and realistic-looking paint stroke. Other brushes include the Calligraphic Brush, Scatter Brush, Art Brush, and Pattern Brush.
You can also create your own brushes in the Brush Panel. For example, you can use a real tempera brushstroke as a base, or create your own vector brushes. You can even make your own art brush from any vector shape.
If you need to edit a brush stroke, use the Option for Selected Object button from the Brushes Panel. This allows you to make changes to a certain brush stroke without affecting the others.
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Placing vector on top of raster images
To place a vector on top of a raster image in Illustrator, you can follow these steps:
Firstly, it is important to understand the difference between raster and vector images. Raster images are pixel-based, such as photographs or scanned images, while vector images are made up of mathematical formulas that create smooth lines and curves, commonly used for logos and illustrations. When placing a vector on top of a raster image, you are combining these two types of graphics.
Now, open Adobe Illustrator and go to "File > Place" to locate the raster image you want to work with. Enable the "Template" option and click "OK". The default setting will display the raster image at 50% opacity, which you can adjust if needed.
Next, use the Selection Tool to select the image. Go to the Object panel and choose the "Vectorize" option to convert the raster image to a vector format. This process will depend on the specific version of Illustrator you are using, but it is generally found under "Effect", "Image Trace", or similar options. You can also use third-party software, such as Figma or Procreate, to achieve better textures before doing a live trace in Illustrator.
Once the image is vectorized, you can adjust the settings according to your preferences. These settings include visibility, source file detection, colour mode, path, corners, and noise reduction. Play around with these options to achieve the desired effect.
Finally, you can add any additional vector elements on top of the vectorized image. This could include using the Pen Tool, Shape Tools, or Brush Tools to create new shapes, lines, or illustrations that seamlessly integrate with the underlying raster image. Remember that you can always adjust the appearance and attributes of these vector elements using the Stroke and Fill settings in Illustrator.
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Frequently asked questions
To paint over an image in Illustrator, you need to create a new project using the 'Web' profile, then import, copy and paste the image into the new project. This will allow you to draw on top of the image.
Illustrator has five categories of brushes: calligraphic, art, bristle, scatter, and pattern. You can access these by going to Window>Brushes to open the Brushes panel.
To use the Live Paint Bucket tool, make sure it is set in Live Paint Bucket Options. Hover your mouse over a path in the Live Paint Group and click to paint the stroke.
If you are using bitmap images, go to Object>Live Trace>Make and Convert to Live Paint. For other objects, go to Object>Expand to make the paths into a Live Paint group.
You can use the Live Paint Bucket tool, or the Blob tool with a Wacom board for more control. You can also use image trace in Illustrator or vectorize the image in another program.









































