Elena Rossi
Pablo Picasso was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and theatre designer. He is considered one of the most influential artists of the 20th century. At the age of 16, he travelled to Madrid's Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, the country's foremost art school. Although he disliked formal instruction and stopped attending classes, he began his career as a painter in Madrid in 1894.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Name | Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso |
| Birth Date | 25 October 1881 |
| Death Date | 8 April 1973 |
| Occupation | Painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and theatre designer |
| Notable Works | Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), Guernica (1937) |
| Training | Began training under his father, José Ruiz y Blasco, at age seven |
| Education | Attended Madrid's Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando |
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What You'll Learn
Pablo Picasso's early life
Pablo Picasso, born Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Crispiniano de la Santísima Trinidad on 25 October 1881, was one of the greatest artists of the 20th century. He was born in Malaga, in southern Spain, to a middle-class family. His father, Don José Ruiz Blasco, was a painter and art teacher at the Malaga School of Fine Arts, and his mother, Doña Maria Picasso Lopez, was a housewife.
Picasso showed a passion and skill for drawing from an early age. He received formal artistic training from his father from the age of seven, learning figure drawing and oil painting. Picasso's father was a traditional, academic artist who believed that proper training required disciplined copying of the masters and drawing the human body from plaster casts and live models.
When Picasso was ten, his father was transferred to La Coruña on the northwestern Spanish coast, and the family moved with him. In La Coruña, Picasso attended the Instituto de la Guarda, which was located in the same building as the city's Museum of Fine Arts. At the age of 13, Picasso produced his first oil paintings, including portraits of his family. The same year, his seven-year-old sister, Conchita, died of diphtheria, a traumatic event that had a profound impact on the young artist.
In 1894, the Picasso family moved to Barcelona, and Picasso enrolled in the School of Fine Arts. He thrived in the city, considering it his true home. At the age of 13, he took an entrance exam for the advanced class and was admitted by an impressed jury, setting him on a path to become one of the most influential artists of his time.
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His artistic training
Pablo Picasso was a Spanish painter who began his artistic training at a very young age. At just seven years old, Picasso started his formal training under his father, José Ruiz y Blasco, demonstrating extraordinary artistic talent. By the time he was 14, he had produced a significant body of work, painting in a naturalistic manner.
In his youth, Picasso also studied at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid, the country's foremost art school. However, he disliked formal instruction and stopped attending classes soon after enrollment. Instead, he found inspiration in the works of artists like Diego Velázquez, Francisco Goya, and Francisco Zurbarán, which he encountered in Madrid's Prado Museum. He was particularly drawn to the art of El Greco, and elements of El Greco's style, such as elongated limbs and arresting colours, would later be echoed in Picasso's work.
In addition to his father and the artists he discovered in Madrid, Picasso was influenced by a variety of sources. He was trained by his uncle as well, and his early works also show the influence of Goya, José Luzán, Anton Raphael Mengs, and Giovanni Battista Tiepolo.
Picasso's early works, now held by the Museu Picasso in Barcelona, provide a comprehensive record of his artistic beginnings. By 1894, at the age of 13, his juvenile style had matured, and his career as a painter can be said to have truly begun.
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His time in Madrid
Pablo Picasso was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and theatre designer. He is considered one of the most influential artists of the 20th century. At the age of 16, he moved to Madrid to attend the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, the country's foremost art school. However, Picasso disliked formal instruction and stopped attending classes soon after enrollment.
Madrid held many attractions for the young Picasso. The Prado housed paintings by Diego Velázquez, Francisco Goya, and Francisco Zurbarán. He was particularly drawn to the works of El Greco, whose influence can be seen in Picasso's later work, such as the use of elongated limbs, arresting colours, and mystical visages.
During his time in Madrid, Picasso began his career as a painter. His juvenile-style works from 1893 transitioned to a more mature phase by 1894. This period is marked by the development of his unique artistic style, moving away from the naturalistic manner of his childhood and adolescent paintings.
Picasso's early works are now held in the Museu Picasso in Barcelona, providing a comprehensive record of his beginnings as an artist. This collection includes paintings from his time in Madrid, showcasing his progress and evolution as a painter during those formative years.
In addition to the artistic influences he encountered in Madrid, Picasso also began his formal training under his father, José Ruiz y Blasco, during this period. This early guidance from his father further contributed to the development of his artistic skills and style.
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Influences on his work
The Spanish painter Francisco Goya had his first exhibition at the age of 16. He is considered the most important Spanish artist of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. His paintings, drawings, and engravings reflected contemporary historical upheavals and influenced important 19th- and 20th-century painters, including Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dalí.
Goya's work was influenced by various factors, including his personal experiences, social and political issues, and the artists he studied under. Here are some factors that influenced his work:
Illness and Deafness
Goya experienced a severe and undiagnosed illness in 1793 that left him permanently deaf. After this illness, his work took on a darker and more pessimistic tone, reflecting a bleak outlook on personal, social, and political levels. This new character in his art gave free expression to his observations and critical mind, as well as his newly developed imagination.
Spanish Court Life
Goya's early career as a court painter to the Spanish Crown was marked by portraits of the Spanish aristocracy and royalty. He also created Rococo-style tapestry cartoons for the royal palace. This exposure to court life and the aristocracy influenced his artistic style and subject matter.
Artistic Influences
Goya studied painting under José Luzán y Martinez in Zaragoza and later with Anton Raphael Mengs in Madrid. He also acknowledged the influence of masters such as Diego Velázquez, Rembrandt van Rijn, and nature. Mengs, a popular painter with Spanish royalty, influenced Goya's early cartoons, while the teachings of Velázquez, whose paintings Goya studied and copied, helped develop his individual style.
Spanish Masters
Goya's work influenced Spanish masters like Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dalí. They drew inspiration from his series "Los Caprichos", which explored fantasy and satire.
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His early career
Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso, more commonly known as Pablo Picasso, had his first exhibition at 16. He is one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, known for co-founding the Cubist movement and exploring a wide variety of artistic styles.
Picasso demonstrated extraordinary artistic talent from a young age, painting in a naturalistic manner throughout his childhood and adolescence. His father and uncle decided to send him to Madrid's Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, the country's foremost art school. However, Picasso disliked formal instruction and stopped attending classes soon after enrollment. Instead, he explored the many artistic attractions Madrid had to offer, including paintings by Diego Velázquez, Francisco Goya, and Francisco Zurbarán. He was particularly drawn to the works of El Greco, and elements of El Greco's style, such as elongated limbs and arresting colours, would later be echoed in Picasso's work.
During this formative period, Picasso began to develop his own artistic style, moving away from the juvenile quality of his earlier work. By 1894, his career as a painter had truly begun. He received his first major retrospective at New York's Museum of Modern Art in 1939, solidifying his place as a dominant force in modern European art.
Another notable Spanish painter with an early start to his career was Francisco Goya, who began studying painting at the age of 14 under José Luzán y Martinez. Goya later moved to Madrid to study with Anton Raphael Mengs and married Josefa Bayeu in 1773. He became a court painter to the Spanish Crown in 1786, marking the early portion of his career with portraits of the Spanish aristocracy and royalty. He is considered the most important Spanish artist of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, and his work influenced important 19th and 20th-century painters.
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Frequently asked questions
Pablo Picasso.
Madrid.
1881.
Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso.
He is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-invention of collage, and for exploring a wide variety of styles.
