Isabella Flores
Painting a table that's already painted is a great way to bring new life to a beloved piece of furniture. It's a simple process, but it requires the right tools and some patience. The first step is to pick your products, and it's important to choose a primer and paint that are suitable for the type of table you're working with. Once you've gathered your supplies, you'll need to clean the table thoroughly and sand it down to create a smooth surface for the new paint to adhere to. After sanding, you'll apply a thin coat of primer and let it dry completely before moving on to painting. Once the primer is dry, you can start painting, working in a well-ventilated area and allowing each coat of paint to dry before applying the next. Finally, you'll want to let the table cure before putting it back into use.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Step 1 | Pick your products |
| Step 2 | Clean the table |
| Step 3 | Sand and clean again |
| Step 4 | Prime the table |
| Step 5 | Paint the table |
| Step 6 | Let dry and apply a second coat |
| Step 7 | Allow the table to cure |
| Type of primer | Water-based primer |
| Type of paint | High-quality acrylic interior paint |
| Paint finish | Flat finish or semi-gloss finish |
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What You'll Learn
Choose the right primer
Painting a table that is already painted may not always require a primer. However, primers are important to ensure a uniform paint finish, block tannin, water, grease, smoke stains, and improve adhesion.
If you are painting over a previously painted table, the first step is to identify the type of coating used—acrylic or alkyd. To do this, rub a cotton ball dipped in 70% isopropyl alcohol on the surface. If the paint comes off, it is acrylic-based, and if it doesn't, it is alkyd-based.
For an acrylic-based paint, you can use either an acrylic or oil-based primer. Alkyd-based primers are more suitable for bare wood substrates, penetrating the wood's porous surface and providing long-lasting adhesion. Alkyd primers are also a good choice if you have removed wallpaper, as they seal the residual adhesive.
If you are covering a stain, use a stain-blocking primer. These primers offer great hiding power and will ensure your topcoats are left blemish-free. Zinsser Cover Stain primer and the Blockade white shellac sealer primer are examples of stain-blocking primers.
If you are painting a lighter colour over a darker one, it is recommended to use a primer. In this case, a white primer is ideal if you intend to paint the table a light colour. If you want the base coat to be similar to your final colour, use a tinted primer or add paint to a white primer.
For a previously painted table with exposed wood, chipped paint, or chalking, use an oil-based primer. Before priming, scrape away as much chipped paint as possible. If you are painting over a glossy finish, a bonding primer will help the new paint adhere.
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Prepare the table
Firstly, you will need to decide whether to sand the table or not. Sanding can be a messy and time-consuming process, but it will help the new paint to stick. If you do decide to sand, use fine-grit sandpaper (180-220 grit) and sand in the direction of the wood grain to avoid creating scratches. Then, remove any dust with a vacuum and wipe the table down with a tack cloth or a lint-free cloth.
If you don't want to sand the table, you can use a primer to help the new paint adhere. Choose a primer suitable for the type of wood and the colour of paint you plan to use. If you are painting over a glossy surface, a bonding primer is necessary. If you are unsure of the type of paint previously used, an adhesion primer is recommended. Water-based primers are generally easier to work with and dry faster than oil-based primers. Apply the primer in thin, even coats, covering all surfaces.
Once the table is prepared, you can move on to painting. Choose a high-quality paint suitable for the surface and the desired finish. For a furniture-like finish, acrylic interior paint is a good option. Consider the room where the table will be placed and the surrounding decor when selecting a paint colour. Bold colours can make the table a focal point, while neutral tones help it blend with existing furnishings.
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Painting tools and techniques
Before you begin painting, it is important to prepare the table, especially if it has been painted before. If the table has an existing smooth finish, lightly sand the surface using 120-grit sandpaper to help the new layer of primer adhere. If the table is not smooth, you will need to completely remove the paint by sanding the finish using 80, 120, and then 220-grit sandpaper. Wipe the table with a tack cloth to remove any dust and debris, and then clean the surface with a detergent or soap.
Once the table is prepared, you can start by priming the table. Priming helps the paint adhere better and covers any stains or discolourations in the wood. Choose a primer that is suitable for the type of wood and the colour of paint you plan to use. For example, if your table is made from wood that tends to bleed through paint, such as cedar or redwood, you will need a stain-blocking primer. If you plan to use a dark paint colour, a primer with a grey tint can help you achieve better coverage with fewer coats of paint. Use a paint roller with a nap size between 3/8 inch and 3/4 inch to apply a thin, even layer of primer to the table.
After the primer is dry, you can start painting the table. Choose a well-ventilated area to paint and make sure the table is completely clean and dry before you begin. Select the type of paint you want to use, such as enamel-, latex-, or oil-based paint, considering the desired finish and durability. Apply a thin, even layer of paint over the entire table, using a brush for any crevices and a roller for the flat surfaces. To achieve a smooth finish without any brushstrokes, a foam roller with a nap size of 4 inches can be used.
If you desire an antique look, you can use a technique called back-brushing, where you immediately follow the roller with a dry brush, lightly dragging it across the wet paint in small sections. This creates a subtle brush stroke effect that adds character to the piece.
Finally, you can seal your painted table to lessen the occurrence of chipping, water damage, or scratching, and lengthen the life of the paint job. You can use a protectant formula, such as polyurethane or polyacrylic, to seal the paint job, especially if you used a darker paint colour. Apply a thin layer of protectant with a foam roller, allowing it to dry for a couple of hours before repeating the process for three to four coats.
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Paint type and colour
Painting a table that is already painted is a great way to bring a beloved piece of furniture back to life. The paint type and colour you choose are important factors in achieving a successful paint job.
Firstly, it is important to note that you should avoid using oil-based primers and paints. With wood, it is always better to air on the side of caution. If you are unsure of the type of paint used on the table, consider using an adhesion primer such as water-based Kilz or Zinsser Bin. Water-based primers are generally easier to work with and clean up, and they dry faster than oil-based primers. If your table is made from a type of wood that tends to bleed through paint, such as cedar or redwood, you should use a stain-blocking primer. If you are painting over a dark colour with a light colour, a primer with a grey tint can help you achieve better coverage with fewer coats of paint.
When it comes to the paint, you should choose a high-quality acrylic interior paint. Acrylic paints are water-based and offer excellent durability, easy cleanup, and a wide range of colours. A semi-gloss finish is ideal for furniture as it strikes a balance between matte and shiny, hiding imperfections while still being easy to clean. If you want a subtle antique look, immediately follow the roller with a dry brush, lightly dragging it across the wet paint. For lighter paint colours, use a finishing wax, as it will not alter the paint's colour. For darker paint colours, pair the paint with a polyurethane or polyacrylic finish.
Before you begin painting, make sure that the table is completely clean and dry. Use a lint-free cloth to ensure no dust particles are left behind. You should also consider the room where the table will be placed and the surrounding decor. Bold colours can make the table a focal point, while neutral tones help it blend seamlessly with existing furnishings. Test the paint on a small, inconspicuous area of the table to make sure you are happy with the colour and finish before committing to painting the entire piece.
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Finishing and sealing
Clear Coat Sealer:
Clear Coat is a popular choice for sealing painted furniture, especially outdoor pieces. It can be applied over almost any water-based product and provides a protective finish. Before applying Clear Coat, ensure your paint is completely dry—at least 24 hours. Clear Coat should be stirred, not shaken, to avoid bubbles in the finish. Use a painting sponge to apply it in long, smooth strokes in one direction. Clear Coat dries quickly, so work in small sections to avoid going over the same area twice.
Tough Coat Sealer:
Tough Coat is another effective sealer, ideal for high-traffic furniture. It can be applied to water-based surfaces and provides a durable finish. Similar to Clear Coat, ensure your paint is dry before applying Tough Coat. This sealer also dries quickly, so maintain a wet edge and avoid overworking it. Two coats of Tough Coat are recommended for optimal protection, with the second coat applied after about two hours.
Wax Finish:
Wax is a traditional and aesthetically pleasing option for sealing painted furniture. It enhances the colour and depth of the paint and is very durable once fully cured. However, wax has a long cure time and can be prone to chipping during that period. It is best suited for paints without a top coat, such as chalk or mineral-based paints. Wax should be reapplied periodically to maintain its protective qualities, making it more suitable for personal projects than professional pieces.
Water-based Topcoats:
Water-based sealers or topcoats are excellent for most painted furniture projects. They provide a protective layer without altering the paint colour and are less toxic than oil-based alternatives. When using a water-based sealer, work quickly to avoid the product drying while you're brushing it on. Apply thin coats and let them dry completely to minimise cloudiness, especially over darker colours. Polyvine Wax Finish Varnish is a user-friendly option that dries level and clear.
Polyacrylic Sealers:
Polyacrylics are water-based sealers that come in various sheens and application methods, such as spray or cans. They are suitable for dining tables as they can withstand cleaning and heat. When using a brush, apply two light coats, and sand with fine grit sandpaper between coats. Some polyacrylics may yellow over time, so check the label for non-yellowing formulas.
Shellac and Polyurethane:
If you are unsure whether the original paint on the table is water or oil-based, consider using shellac first. You can then apply a polyurethane topcoat, such as the Varathane high-traffic floor finish, which is ideal for table tops. Let the coats cure for 1-2 weeks, and then hand-rub with 0000 steel wool for a smooth satin finish.
Remember to choose a sealer suitable for the intended use of the table and always follow the specific instructions for your chosen product.
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Frequently asked questions
First, clean the table. If there are any dents or dings, fill them with wood filler and smooth it out with sandpaper. If the old paint is chipping, use sandpaper to roughen the surface, then vacuum and wipe down with a deglosser. Prime the table with a bonding primer, especially if you're painting over a glossy finish. Apply the primer in thin, even coats, working in the direction of the wood grain. Once the primer is dry, apply the paint with a roller, using a brush for any crevices.
Choose a high-quality acrylic interior paint. A semi-gloss finish is ideal for furniture as it strikes a balance between matte and shiny, hiding imperfections while still being easy to clean. If you want a darker colour, pair it with a polyurethane or polyacrylic finish. For lighter colours, use a finishing wax, which won't alter the paint colour.
First, pick your products. Clean the table and sand it down, especially if the previous paint job was glossy. Prime the table, then let the primer dry. Paint the table with a roller, using a brush for any detailed areas. Let the paint dry, then apply a second coat. Allow the table to cure before using it.
