Transforming Stained Boards: Painting Techniques For Beginners

Painting a stained board is a great way to enhance its appearance, change its decorative style, or improve the look of damaged or worn furniture. The process involves several steps, including sanding, priming, and painting, with specific considerations depending on the type of board and desired finish. This guide will outline the key steps and provide recommendations for achieving a successful and attractive result when painting a stained board.

Sand the board

Sanding the board is an important step in preparing a stained board for painting. It helps to remove the old finish, scratches, and irregularities, creating a smooth surface for the new paint to adhere to.

When sanding a stained board, it is recommended to use fine-grit sandpaper or a sanding block. The goal is to scuff the surface without removing the veneer or plastic coating, as these can be fragile and may break during the process. If there is a veneer that needs to be removed, it is advisable to test removal in an inconspicuous spot first. Sanding the board lightly will create a rough surface that will help the paint coat adhere better.

For particle board, which is made of compressed wood chips, flakes, or shavings, it is recommended to use 180-220 grit sandpaper. This type of board often has raised fibres or irregularities that need to be sanded down to create a flat surface. If you have access to an air compressor, it is beneficial to blow off the dust, especially from the crevices of the particle board, before moving on to the next step.

After sanding, it is important to wipe down the board with a damp cloth to remove any dust or debris. This will ensure that the surface is clean and ready for the next step, which is typically priming, before painting.

Additionally, if you are working with wood putty or filler, make sure it is completely dry before sanding. Sanding can help bring the repaired area down to the same level as the rest of the surface, creating a smooth and uniform finish.

Use a primer

Using a primer is an essential step in painting a stained board. The primer will ensure that the paint adheres well to the surface and will also help to create a smooth and even finish.

There are two main types of primers that can be used: oil-based and water-based. Oil-based primers are generally recommended for particle board because they provide better adhesion and are more durable. They are also effective at covering any stains or imperfections on the board. However, water-based primers can be used if a universal oil-based primer is applied first.

When choosing an oil-based primer, look for one that is specifically designed for use on wood or particle board. Some recommended brands include Sherwin Williams, Benjamin Moore, and Kilz. These primers will typically need to be applied with a paintbrush, as a roller may not get into all the crevices of the board. Allow the primer to dry completely, usually for around 24 hours, before lightly sanding the surface to ensure the topcoat sticks well.

If you are using a water-based primer, it is important to use a primer that is meant for plastic, such as XIM bonder. This type of primer will need to be applied in multiple coats, and the surface will need to be sanded lightly between coats.

In addition to choosing the right primer, there are a few other things to keep in mind. First, make sure the surface of the board is properly prepared before priming. This includes sanding down the board to remove any old finish, gloss, or irregularities. Secondly, if you are using an oil-based primer, be aware that it may have a strong odour and it is recommended to wear a respirator during application. Finally, allow plenty of time for the primer to dry completely before moving on to the painting step.

Choose the right paint

Painting over stained wood is completely doable, but it requires the right type of paint and adequate preparation. The type of paint you choose depends on the condition of the wood, the look you want to achieve, and the type of stain you're working with. Here are some guidelines to help you choose the right paint for your project:

Choose the Right Primer

Before applying paint, it is essential to use a primer. Primers help seal the wood and prevent "bleed-through," which occurs when the pigmentation from the stain migrates through the paint and discolors it. If you're working with stained wood that has a glossy finish, you must remove the gloss by sanding or using liquid sandpaper. After sanding, apply a stain-blocking primer. If you're painting over a water-based wood stain, use a water-based primer, and for an oil-based wood stain, opt for an oil-based primer. When dealing with dark-stained wood, a white, high-hide primer designed to block out deep tones is recommended. Shellac-based primers are also effective in blocking stains.

Select the Appropriate Paint Type

The type of paint you choose depends on the type of stain you're working with. If you're painting over a water-based stain, use latex paint. For oil-based stains, opt for oil-based paint or primer. You can also use all-in-one paint, which combines paint and primer, or milk paint, which is intended to interact with existing finishes. Other paint types that can be used include acrylic latex, alkyd (oil-based) paint, interior and exterior enamel, and oil-based polyurethane.

Consider the Condition of the Wood and Desired Finish

If the wood is in good condition, a single coat of primer is usually sufficient before painting. However, if the wood has scratches, chips, or other flaws, use a scraper or wire brush to remove them before painting. If you want to hide imperfections and achieve a smooth finish, consider using flatter sheens and darker colours. On the other hand, if you want to highlight the wood's natural grain, staining may be a better option than painting.

Allow Adequate Drying Time

Before applying paint, ensure that the stain is completely dry and cured. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the proper drying time. After painting, allow adequate time for the paint to dry before using the surface or adding décor. Check the paint can label for specific drying instructions.

By following these guidelines and choosing the right type of paint and primer, you can successfully paint over stained wood and achieve a beautiful and durable finish.

Paint the board

Painting a stained board is a great way to give it a new lease of life, but it requires some preparation to ensure a smooth and durable finish. Here is a step-by-step guide to painting a stained board:

Prepare the Board:

First, you will need to sand the board. Sanding creates a rough surface that helps the primer and paint adhere better. Use fine-grit sandpaper, around 180-220 grit, to sand the entire surface of the board. If there is an existing finish, such as paint or varnish, sand it off along with any surface scratches. If your board has a veneer, you may need to remove it before sanding. Be cautious, as veneers can be fragile and difficult to remove without damaging the board.

Prime the Board:

Once the board is sanded, it's time to apply a primer. Primers provide a base for the paint to adhere to and can help with coverage and durability. Choose a primer suitable for the type of paint you will use—an oil-based primer is generally recommended for particleboard or stained wood. Allow the primer to dry completely, usually around 24 hours, before proceeding to the next step.

Now, you are ready to start painting! Use a paintbrush to apply thin, uniform coats of paint. One coat may be sufficient, but for the best results, plan to apply two to three coats. Allow each coat to dry completely before applying the next. If desired, lightly sand between coats to improve adhesion and create an ultra-smooth finish.

When choosing paint, opt for oil-based paints as they tend to adhere better to stained boards and are more durable. However, if you prefer water-based paints, ensure you use a universal primer that can accommodate a variety of finishes. You can also experiment with matte paint, chalk paint, or decorative effects to achieve your desired look.

Final Steps:

After the final coat of paint has dried, lightly sand it again with fine-grit sandpaper to ensure an ultra-smooth finish. Then, wipe away any dust with a lint-free cloth. Your newly painted board is now ready to be displayed and admired!

Remember, always work in a well-ventilated area when painting, and follow the specific instructions provided by the manufacturers of your chosen primer and paint.

Sand between coats

Sanding between coats of paint is not always necessary, but it is highly recommended in certain situations. The main purpose of sanding between coats is to achieve a flawless, silky smooth layer of paint. It helps to create a better bond between paint layers, improving the overall look of your project. If you are aiming for a perfect, smooth finish, sanding between coats is essential.

There are several factors to consider when deciding if sanding between coats is necessary for your project. Firstly, the type of paint you are using is important. Cheaper paints are more likely to result in brush marks, drips, and imperfections, which can be improved by sanding between coats. However, be cautious when sanding over brush marks, as too much sanding can remove all the paint. The material you are painting also matters; as a general rule, if the surface does not feel or look smooth after the first coat, it is a good idea to sand it. Additionally, when painting metal or glossy surfaces, sanding between coats helps scuff up the surface, allowing for better adhesion of the next coat.

If you decide to sand between coats, there are some key techniques to follow. Firstly, ensure your previous coat of paint is completely dry before sanding; this can take a minimum of 24 hours for oil-based paints and a few hours for water-based paints. Check with your fingers; if it feels dry, it is likely safe to sand. When sanding, use light, steady pressure with even strokes to avoid creating grooves. For painted surfaces, alternate between vertical and horizontal strokes to achieve a uniform wear pattern. Use fine-grit sandpaper, such as 220-grit, as it smooths the surface without damaging the paint layer. Remember to clean the surface after sanding to avoid uneven results on subsequent coats.

While sanding between coats of paint can improve the finish, it is important to note that this does not apply to coats of stain. Sanding between coats of stain can risk breaking the colour and damaging the stain. Instead, raw wood should be sanded before applying a stain to improve the quality and texture of the wood.

Frequently asked questions