Mounting Paintings: Using Floater Frames

Float mounting is a technique used to display the edges of a photo or artwork when covering with matting is not desired. It involves suspending the artwork above an uncut mat board within a picture frame, creating the illusion of the artwork floating. This technique is especially ideal for watercolour paintings created on heavyweight paper. There are various ways to mount a painting in a floater frame, depending on the material of the artwork and the desired finish. For example, if the artwork is on canvas, you can attach the frame to the canvas stretcher by screwing it in place, whereas if the artwork is on board, you would need to use glue to adhere the painting to the frame.

Choose a frame: Opt for a pre-made tray frame, or make your own

When it comes to choosing a frame for your painting, you have two main options: buying a pre-made tray frame or building a custom one.

Opting for a pre-made tray frame is a good option if you're looking for convenience and cost-effectiveness. You can find pre-made tray frames, also known as floater frames, at local framing shops or online. When buying a pre-made frame, it's important to consider the size and depth of your artwork to ensure a proper fit. You'll also want to decide whether you want the artwork to sit flush with the frame or recessed, as this will determine the necessary internal depth of the frame.

Building your own frame offers more flexibility in terms of materials, size, and design. You can choose from various materials such as wood or metal to create a frame that perfectly fits your artwork and your desired aesthetic. However, constructing your own frame requires specialized equipment, which can be expensive and bulky. If you're opting for a custom frame, it's important to consider the finish as well. You can use paint, stain, or wax to achieve the desired look.

For those looking to frame artwork on canvas, a traditional floater frame is a good option. This style of frame is designed for stretched canvas artworks, giving the appearance of the canvas floating within the frame. The backside of the frame typically has clips that attach to the stretched canvas, holding it securely in place.

If your artwork is on a board or panel, you'll need to consider a different approach. You can either mount the board directly to the frame using an adhesive or screws, or you can use a "cradle" to lift the board to the desired height. The cradle consists of slats of wood attached to the bottom of the frame, ensuring that the artwork sits at the desired height within the frame.

No matter which framing option you choose, always handle your artwork with care and consider using gloves to prevent any damage. Additionally, selecting acid-free and reversible mounting materials is essential to preserve your artwork and ensure its longevity.

Prepare the frame: Sand, paint, stain or wax to your desired finish

Preparing the frame is an important step in the process of mounting a painting in a floater frame. The frame can be finished in a variety of ways, including painting, staining, or waxing. Here are the steps to prepare the frame:

Sanding

Before applying any finish to the frame, it is recommended to use sandpaper to smooth out the surface and remove any imperfections. For example, you can use 60-grit sandpaper to lightly scuff the frame and create a uniform base for the next steps.

Painting

Painting the frame is an option to add colour and personalise it to your desired taste. Choose a paint that is suitable for the material of your frame and follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper application. Make sure to allow adequate drying time between coats and apply multiple thin coats for a smooth finish.

Staining

If you prefer to showcase the natural beauty of the wood grain, staining is a great option. Wood stains come in various colours and opacities, so choose one that enhances the wood's natural colour and texture. Follow the instructions for application, and remember to test the stain on a small area first to ensure you achieve the desired result.

Waxing

Waxing is another finish option that can add a subtle sheen to the frame while protecting the surface. Using a soft cloth, gently apply a thin layer of wax, such as Cambridge Traditional beeswax, and buff it until you achieve the desired level of sheen. Waxing can enhance the natural beauty of the wood and provide a smooth, protected finish.

Remember, when preparing the frame, it is important to work in a well-ventilated area and follow all safety precautions when working with finishes and tools. Always ensure the frame is clean and dry before starting the finishing process.

Prepare the artwork: Depending on the material, you may need to add a cradle to lift the artwork

Preparing the artwork is a crucial step in the process of mounting a painting in a floater frame. The specific approach may vary depending on the material of the artwork. For instance, if your artwork is on canvas, you can attach the frame directly to the canvas stretcher using screws. This method ensures a secure and long-lasting hold.

On the other hand, if your artwork is on a board, you may need to take a different approach. In this case, you will need to add a "cradle" to lift the artwork within the frame. The cradle consists of slats of wood attached to the bottom of the frame. To determine the appropriate height for the cradle, consider how high you want the artwork to sit. The height of the cradle should be equal to the desired height of the artwork minus the depth of the board. For example, if you want your 2mm board to sit 20mm high, you would need an 18mm cradle.

When creating the cradle, it is essential to use wood that is slightly smaller than the artwork. This ensures that the cradle remains hidden and maintains the illusion of the artwork floating within the frame. You can cut the wood to the required size using a simple handsaw and a cutting guide. Alternatively, you can use a table saw, circular saw, or band saw for more precision.

Once the cradle is prepared, it's time to attach it to the frame. You can use glue or screws for this step. If you choose to glue the cradle, make sure to use a strong adhesive like a two-part epoxy glue. Apply the glue to both the frame and the cradle, clamp them together, and allow them to dry undisturbed for the recommended time. If you prefer screwing the cradle in place, use a drill to secure the cradle from behind, being careful to protect the face of the artwork.

By following these steps and choosing the appropriate method based on your artwork's material, you can effectively prepare the artwork and add a cradle if necessary to achieve the desired floating effect in your floater frame.

Attach the artwork: Use screws, glue, or adhesive tape to secure the artwork to the frame

When attaching your artwork to a floater frame, there are several options available to you, including screws, glue, or adhesive tape.

If your artwork is on canvas, you can attach the frame to the canvas stretcher by screwing it in place. This is a common practice and, while not reversible, the screw holes will not affect the canvas. If you are framing a wood panel, you may be able to fashion some formed rods that pass through the floater frame and wrap around the edge of the panel.

Alternatively, you can use glue. If your artwork is on a board, take it out and apply glue to the cradle. Then, press the painting firmly to the frame and remove the foam wedges once the glue is dry. You can also use photo-safe liquid glue, which is a versatile adhesive used in all types of projects, not just picture framing.

Adhesive tape is another option for securing your artwork. However, it is important to note that not all tapes are suitable. Avoid using household pressure-sensitive tapes such as office tape, masking tape, or duct tape. Instead, opt for acid-free archival-quality tapes such as rice paper hinges, linen tape, or archival pressure-sensitive tapes. Lineco’s Self-Adhesive Hinging Tape, Tyvek Tape, and Self-Adhesive Hinging Tissue all use a pressure-sensitive acrylic adhesive that is considered archival quality. To use hinging tape, line up the top of the T with your pencil marks and burnish it down to the back of your artwork. Then, adhere the other side and mount it to the uncut mat board. Finally, centre your artwork over the mat board, lower it into place, and apply pressure to the top of your art where the hinges are to ensure the tape is secure.

Finishing touches: Ensure proper spacing between the artwork and the frame, and add bumpers or hangers if needed

When mounting a painting in a floater frame, there are several important finishing touches to consider. Firstly, ensure that there is proper spacing between the artwork and the frame. This can be achieved by using spacers, such as small scraps of mat or foamboard, to centre the artwork before drilling in the screws. It is also crucial to avoid using any adhesive processes, such as spray mounting or dry mounting, as these can permanently alter the artwork. Instead, opt for acid-free mounting materials, which will allow the artwork to retain its natural tendency to expand and contract in response to environmental changes.

If your artwork is on canvas, you can attach the frame directly to the canvas stretcher by screwing it in place. However, if your artwork is on board, you may need to lift it to the desired height by mounting it on slats of wood, or a "cradle," attached to the bottom of the frame. The cradle should be as high as you want the artwork to sit minus the depth of the board, and it should be as long as the internal rebate width of your frame.

Additionally, consider adding bumpers or hangers to your frame. Bumpers can provide protection and ensure that your artwork remains centred and secure within the frame. Hangers, such as hanging chains or clear adhesive strips, will enable you to display your artwork on the wall. Always refer to the hanging hardware that comes with your frame and follow the kit instructions for a secure and proper hang.

Frequently asked questions