Lena Rivera
Joan of Arc, a national hero of France, has been the subject of numerous paintings and statues over the centuries. She is beloved within France as a defender of the country and as a figurehead for French identity and unity. The character of Joan of Arc has inspired songs, films, TV shows, musicals, plays, and more. This response will explore the number of statues and paintings dedicated to Joan of Arc and their significance.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of statues and paintings | No complete list of artistic works about Joan of Arc exists |
| Number of paintings | Over 500 images and other items related to Joan of Arc were displayed in a gallery in 1979 |
| Number of statues | At least 5, not including copies |
| Height of statues | 13 feet tall |
| Materials used for statues | Gilded bronze, iron |
| Countries with statues | France, United States |
| Cities with statues | Paris, Philadelphia, Portland, New Orleans, Nancy |
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What You'll Learn
- The original statue: gilded bronze, 13-foot-tall Joan of Arc on horseback in Paris
- Copies of the original: found in Philadelphia, Portland, New Orleans, and Nancy
- Paintings: a famous one by John Everett Millais in 1865
- Other art: a 19th-century painting of Duchesse d'Uzès sculpting Joan
- Influence: inspired a haircut, plays, music, films, and radio shows
The original statue: gilded bronze, 13-foot-tall Joan of Arc on horseback in Paris
Joan of Arc has been a source of artistic inspiration for nearly six centuries, with her story being a popular subject for paintings, sculptures, films, and plays. One of the most prominent statues of Joan of Arc is the original 13-foot-tall gilded bronze statue on horseback in Paris, France. This statue, created by Emmanuel Frémiet, was inaugurated in 1874 and stands proudly in the Place des Pyramides, near where Joan of Arc was wounded during her failed attempt to take Paris.
The statue depicts Joan of Arc triumphantly raising a banner above her head, with a sheathed sword by her side. Frémiet chose a woman named Aimée Girod from Domrémy, Joan of Arc's home village, as his model for the statue. The sculpture is an iconic symbol of Joan of Arc's bravery and strength, and it has inspired several copies around the world.
The statue holds significant historical value, as it was commissioned by the French government after the country's defeat in the 1870 Franco-Prussian War. It stands as a testament to Joan of Arc's legacy as a defender of France and a figurehead for French identity and unity. The statue's location in Paris, where Joan of Arc fought valiantly, adds to its symbolic power.
The original statue in Paris is not the only representation of Joan of Arc on horseback. Several copies of Frémiet's work exist worldwide, including three in the United States: one in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; another in Portland, Oregon; and a third in New Orleans, Louisiana. The New Orleans statue, made in 1972, holds particular significance due to the city's deep cultural and historical ties to France.
The 13-foot-tall gilded bronze statue of Joan of Arc in Paris is not just a work of art but a powerful symbol of a country's history and a woman's courage. It serves as a reminder of Joan of Arc's impact on France and her enduring legacy that continues to inspire people worldwide.
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Copies of the original: found in Philadelphia, Portland, New Orleans, and Nancy
The original statue of Joan of Arc, also known as the "Maid of Orleans", was sculpted by Emmanuel Frémiet in the late 1800s and is located in the Place des Pyramides in Paris, France. Several copies of Frémiet's work exist worldwide, including in the United States, where there are three copies: in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Portland, Oregon; and New Orleans, Louisiana.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
The statue in Philadelphia is a direct casted copy of Emmanuel Frémiet's original statue in Paris. It was donated by Dr. Henry Waldo Coe to memorialize the American infantrymen of the First World War who fought in France. Joan of Arc was seen as a symbol of unity between the two countries during the war, and Dr. Coe referred to her as "The Patron Saint of American Soldiers". The statue was cast in 1874 and was initially located in the northern end of the Tuileries Gardens in Paris before being relocated to its current site in front of the Philadelphia Museum of Art on Kelly Drive.
Portland, Oregon
The statue in Portland, Oregon, is an outdoor copy of Emmanuel Frémiet's equestrian statue, "Jeanne d'Arc", installed in the Laurelhurst neighbourhood. The bronze sculpture, which depicts Joan of Arc on horseback, was donated to the city by Henry Waldo Coe, who saw the original statue in Paris. Portland's copy arrived from France in 1924 and was dedicated on Memorial Day in 1925 to honour the Doughboys of World War I. The statue is made of bronze and measures approximately 12 feet tall. The flag held by Joan of Arc is made of copper, and the statue rests on a granite base.
New Orleans, Louisiana
The statue in New Orleans, Louisiana, is one of two copies of Emmanuel Frémiet's "Jeanne d'Arc". It was gifted to the city by France in 1972 and sits in the French Quarter. This copy was one of the original castings of Frémiet's statue but did not have a public display location until it was purchased by French President Charles de Gaulle in 1964. It remained in a warehouse until its unveiling in New Orleans in 1972. New Orleans has deep cultural and historical ties to France due to its colonisation by the French from the late 1600s to the mid-1700s. The city is named after Orléans, France, and St. Joan is particularly revered as the Maid of Orleans.
Nancy, France
The artist Emmanuel Frémiet made another version of the monument for the city of Nancy, France, in 1889. The horse of the Parisian monument was replaced by a copy of the smaller Nancy version in 1899.
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Paintings: a famous one by John Everett Millais in 1865
Joan of Arc has been the subject of artistic and cultural works for almost six centuries, including paintings, sculptures, plays, films, and music. While there is no complete list of artistic works about her, a famous painting by John Everett Millais from 1865 stands out as a notable example.
Millais' painting depicts Joan of Arc on her knees in prayer, gazing upwards with a wistful expression. Her eyes do not meet the viewer's, adding a layer of vulnerability to the scene. She clutches her sword with both hands, while her helmet rests by her side. Millais' choice to portray Joan of Arc from the front, instead of the side, is a departure from earlier works, such as the 1620 piece by Peter Paul Rubens, which shows her in a similar pose but viewed from the side.
The emotional depth of Millais' work lies in the absence of distractions in the background, allowing the viewer to focus solely on Joan's feelings. The red dress she wears under her armour accentuates her femininity, a trait that has been a subject of discussion and interpretation in art. This painting is part of the public domain and can be found via Wikimedia Commons.
The portrayal of Joan of Arc by Millais is a significant contribution to the extensive body of artistic works inspired by her life and legacy. It showcases a unique perspective on Joan's character, emphasising her emotional depth and vulnerability in a moment of private devotion.
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Other art: a 19th-century painting of Duchesse d'Uzès sculpting Joan
Joan of Arc, or Jeanne d'Arc in French, has been a source of artistic inspiration for nearly six centuries. Her legacy has manifested in various forms of art, including paintings, sculptures, theatre, film, and literature.
One notable work that falls under "other art" is a 19th-century painting depicting the Duchesse d'Uzès sculpting Joan. This painting, created by the French artist Adolphe Demange, showcases the Duchesse d'Uzès in the act of sculpting a monumental statue of Joan of Arc. The painting offers a unique perspective on the artistic process, capturing the creation of a sculpture rather than simply portraying Joan of Arc herself.
The painting draws attention to the importance of Joan of Arc not only during her lifetime but also in the centuries that followed. The Duchesse d'Uzès, born Anne de Rochechouart de Mortemart, was a 19th-century French sculptor and socialite. She was known for her artistic pursuits and her involvement in sculpting and pottery. In the painting, we see her engaged in the physical act of sculpting, chisel in hand, carefully shaping the clay or marble before her into the likeness of Joan of Arc.
The choice to sculpt Joan of Arc specifically may reflect the Duchesse's admiration for Joan's strength, courage, and defiance of gender norms. By sculpting Joan, the Duchesse pays tribute to a fellow woman who dared to challenge societal expectations and leave a lasting impact on history. The painting, therefore, becomes a testament to female empowerment and the enduring legacy of Joan of Arc.
While the painting itself may not be as well-known as other artistic depictions of Joan of Arc, it holds significance in shedding light on the behind-the-scenes creative process of sculpture and the enduring fascination with Joan of Arc as a subject for artistic interpretation and exploration.
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Influence: inspired a haircut, plays, music, films, and radio shows
The story of Joan of Arc has inspired artistic and cultural works for almost six centuries. Joan of Arc's short haircut inspired the "bob" hairstyle for women in the 20th century. In 1909, the Paris hairdresser Antoine broke the taboo against women cutting their hair by taking Joan of Arc as his inspiration for the bob. The style became popular in the 1920s and was associated with liberated women.
The story of Joan of Arc has also been a popular subject for plays. Friedrich Schiller's 1801 play "The Maid of Orleans" inspired at least 82 different dramatic works during the 19th century, and Verdi's and Tchaikovsky's operatic adaptations are still recorded and performed. In the 1940s, Maxwell Anderson's play "Joan of Lorraine" and the Ingrid Bergman film "Joan of Arc" were also popular.
Joan of Arc has also been the subject of numerous musical compositions. Classical composers such as Kermit Poling, Tchaikovsky, and Verdi have all been inspired to create musical settings celebrating her life. More recently, composer/performer Jay Cloidt and writer/singer Amanda Moody collaborated on the theatre piece "D'Arc: Woman on Fire", which features intense electronic music with lyrics in a wide range of vernacular styles and abstract electronic textures.
Additionally, the story of Joan of Arc has been adapted for radio. BBC Radio 4's "Things We Forgot to Remember" series featured an episode on Joan of Arc, exploring the myth and reality of her life and influence on France in the 15th century.
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