Priya Kapoor
Leonardo da Vinci is one of the founding figures of the High Renaissance, and his surviving paintings are displayed in museums around the world. While there are only around eight major works universally attributed to him, several other paintings are widely believed to be his, bringing the total number of surviving da Vinci paintings to around 18. These works are spread across museums in Paris, Milan, Kraków, and more.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Total number of major works by Leonardo da Vinci | 8 |
| Names of major works | The Adoration of the Magi, Saint Jerome in the Wilderness, the Louvre Virgin of the Rocks, The Last Supper, the ceiling of the Sala delle Asse, The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and Saint John the Baptist, The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne, and the Mona Lisa |
| Museums where the paintings are located | The Louvre Museum, Paris, France; Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy; National Museum, Kraków, Poland; Vatican Museums, Vatican City; Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Italy; Ambrosiana Museum, Milan, Italy |
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What You'll Learn
The Louvre, Paris
The Louvre in Paris holds the largest collection of Leonardo da Vinci's paintings in the world, as well as 22 drawings. The Louvre's collection includes five core works by da Vinci:
- The Virgin of the Rocks
- La Belle Ferronnière
- The Mona Lisa
- Saint John the Baptist
- Saint Anne
The Louvre's version of The Virgin of the Rocks is the earlier of the two known versions of the painting, completed around 1483-1486. The Louvre's collection also includes The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne, which was da Vinci's last great masterpiece, left unfinished at his death in 1519.
In 2019, the Louvre presented the museum's first virtual reality (VR) experience, bringing to life the story of the Mona Lisa, da Vinci's most famous masterpiece. The exhibition, which ran from 24 October 2019 to 24 February 2020, featured around 160 works in total, including 11 of the 15 paintings attributed to da Vinci, as well as a virtual-reality deep dive into the Mona Lisa.
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National Museum, Kraków, Poland
Leonardo da Vinci is one of the founding figures of the High Renaissance, and his surviving works are displayed in museums around the world. Only around eight major works are universally attributed to him, including the world-famous Mona Lisa, which is exhibited in the Louvre Museum in Paris.
The National Museum in Kraków, Poland, houses one of da Vinci's paintings, titled "Lady with an Ermine". The painting, created around 1489, depicts Cecilia Gallerani, the 17-year-old mistress of Leonardo's patron, Ludovico Sforza, the Duke of Milan. Gallerani was known for her beauty, intelligence, and sophistication. She played the lute, wrote poetry in Latin and Italian, and her poems were recognised by contemporary writers.
"Lady with an Ermine" is considered one of Poland's most valuable and treasured pieces of art. It is a significant work by da Vinci as it marks the beginning of the first psychological portrait, portraying the soul and state of mind of the subject, according to art experts. The painting is noted for capturing the movement of muscles in the ermine's body, with the animal appearing restless and agitated.
The Czartoryski Museum in Kraków's Old Town is home to this sublime portrait. The museum is based on a private collection by Princess Izabela Czartoryska and features a mix of items from across the world, oddities from Polish history, and a large library. It is one of the oldest museums in Poland and houses one of the most valuable collections in Europe. The permanent collection covers 21 halls, with paintings from the Middle Ages to the 17th century.
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Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan
Santa Maria delle Grazie is a church and former Dominican convent in Milan, Italy. The church and convent form an architectural complex that was constructed in 1463 and reworked at the end of the 15th century by Bramante. The complex includes seven chapels along each of the side aisles, which were used by the most important families in Milan as burial places and for private prayer.
The church and convent were badly damaged by bombing in 1943 during World War II. However, the complex was subsequently restored and renovated, preserving its original architectural structure and the internal relationship between its components.
One of the most famous paintings in the world, "The Last Supper" by Leonardo da Vinci, is located in the refectory of the convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie. Painted between 1495 and 1498, "The Last Supper" depicts the moment after Jesus declared that one of his apostles would betray him, as described in the Gospel of Matthew. Leonardo illustrates the unique reactions of each disciple, capturing their movements and expressions in a sequential narrative. The painting is considered a masterpiece and has had a significant influence on the development of figurative art and painting.
In addition to "The Last Supper," Santa Maria delle Grazie houses other notable artworks. The refectory, a rectangular room partially covered in frescoes, was bombed in 1943, causing partial collapse. The rooms of the Chapter House and the Locutory, which is a parlour, face out onto the eastern side of the Cloister, while the library is located to the north. The library was modelled on the library at the Dominican Convent of San Marco in Florence.
The church itself features pointed groin vaults with ribbing under the Gothic vaulting, allowing for large openings for windows in the side walls. The chapels within the church were decorated by leading artists, including Gaudenzio Ferrari, who frescoed the Chapels of the Adoring Virgin and the Holy Crown. The second chapel originally housed The Crowning with Thorns, painted by Tiziano Vecellio in the early 16th century, but this altarpiece was requisitioned by Napoleon in the 19th century and is now at the Louvre Museum.
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Uffizi Gallery, Florence
The Uffizi Gallery in Florence is home to some of the world's finest artworks. The museum, located in a palace built by Giorgio Vasari in 1560, houses masterpieces from the Italian Renaissance alongside works by German, Flemish, Dutch, and French masters. The collection includes paintings, sculptures, drawings, and prints.
The Uffizi Gallery boasts a remarkable series of sculptures, mainly from the Hellenistic and Roman periods. The first, second, and third corridors of the second floor showcase classical statues and busts, including the Statue of Empress Helena and The Sleeping Ariadne, weighing nearly two tons. The museum also has an extensive collection of Renaissance art, with works by Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Botticelli, and Raphael.
Among the da Vinci paintings on display is the Annunciation, which was created between 1475 and 1480. This early work depicts the Virgin Mary receiving the Archangel Gabriel's announcement of Jesus' birth. Another notable da Vinci painting in the Uffizi Gallery is l'Annunciazione (1472-1475), which illustrates the encounter between Mary and Gabriel in an outdoor scene, a notable innovation for its time. This painting has been astonishing visitors since 1867 and is displayed in the Leonardo Room.
The Uffizi Gallery is also renowned for its collection of drawings and prints, with over 177,000 artworks from the 14th to 20th centuries. The library features 78,600 items, including manuscripts, incunabula, early printed books, and periodicals. Visitors can also purchase souvenirs, art history books, and children's books at the bookstore located towards the entrance/exit of the gallery.
A thorough visit to the Uffizi Gallery can take a full day, as the collection is vast and diverse. However, for those with less time, there are still plenty of unmissable artworks to discover, including masterpieces by Caravaggio, Titian, and Sandro Botticelli.
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Ambrosiana Museum, Milan
The Pinacoteca Ambrosiana in Milan is a museum with a fascinating history and a wonderful collection of art treasures. Founded in 1618 by Cardinal Federico Borromeo, the Ambrosiana was established as an extension of the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, which Cardinal Federico himself had set up a few years earlier, in 1607. The Ambrosiana was created to provide free cultural and artistic training to anyone with artistic or intellectual capabilities, and it served as a model and support for the Academy of Fine Arts in Milan, which operated from 1621 to 1776.
Despite the Academy's closure, the Ambrosiana Gallery continued to enrich its collections over the centuries, and today it houses a large number of important works. The Ambrosiana is located in the centre of Milan, not far from the Duomo, and it is the oldest museum in the city. While it may not be as famous as other museums in Milan, it is still well worth a visit, with its beautiful rooms housing a well-curated collection of masterpieces.
The Ambrosiana is home to the "Codex Atlanticus", a collection of Leonardo da Vinci's engineering designs, technological dreams, and artistic creations. The Codex comprises 1,119 folio pages, spanning a 40-year period of da Vinci's work, and includes sketches, schemata, and da Vinci's singular "mirror writing". As da Vinci was left-handed, he wrote from right to left, and the pages offer a rare glimpse into his creative process, with erasures, mistakes, and notes to himself visible.
In addition to the Codex Atlanticus, the Ambrosiana also houses other works by da Vinci, including the "Portrait of a Musician". This painting is one of only around eight major works universally attributed to da Vinci, and it is a highlight of the Ambrosiana's collection. The museum also offers the option of combining a ticket to the Ambrosiana with a ticket to see da Vinci's "The Last Supper", located nearby at Santa Maria delle Grazie.
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Frequently asked questions
There are 18 of Leonardo Da Vinci's paintings that are displayed in museums.
The Louvre Museum in Paris, the National Museum in Kraków, Poland, the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, the Ambrosiana Museum in Milan, the Vatican Museums, and the Leonardo Museum in Vinci house Leonardo Da Vinci's paintings.
The Louvre Museum in Paris houses the "Mona Lisa", "Virgin, Child and St. Anne", and "Sketch of Isabella d'Este".
The National Museum in Kraków, Poland, houses "Lady with an Ermine".
