Lena Rivera
DNA Painter is a tool that helps genealogists visualise DNA results and map chromosome segments to ancestors. To paint a match on DNA Painter, you need to create a new chromosome map. This involves confirming the name and sex of the person the map is for, resulting in a blank canvas representing the person's chromosomes. You can then paint your matches into this map, using the segments you share with them to determine which ancestor you inherited each segment from. You can copy and paste segment data from the Family Tree DNA Chromosome Browser into the 'Paint a new match' form on DNA Painter.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Data required | Data for the segments you match with a relative |
| Type of data | Segment data, not raw DNA data |
| Data sources | 23andMe, FamilyTreeDNA, MyHeritage, AncestryDNA, LivingDNA |
| Process | Create a new chromosome map, paint a match, assign DNA to an ancestor |
| Tools | 'Paint a new match' form, 'Copy segment data' button, 'Paint a match' box |
| Additional features | Ancestral groups, ethnicity painting |
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What You'll Learn
Creating a new chromosome map
To create a new chromosome map on DNA Painter, you need to start by gathering the data for the segments you match with a relative. Then, follow the steps below:
Step 1: Access the 'Create a new map' option
Go to the ''Dashboard' link in the top navigation, click on the 'Chromosome Maps' tab, and select 'Create a new map'.
Step 2: Confirm the identity details
You will be asked to confirm the name and sex of the person the map is for.
Step 3: View the blank canvas
You will then see a "blank canvas", which represents your chromosomes or those of the person who took the test.
Step 4: Copy the segment data
You can copy the segment data in two ways. One way is to click on ''Detailed Segment Data', which will bring up a table that you can copy. The other way is to simply click on the 'Copy segment data' button in the top right corner of the simple chromosome browser.
Step 5: Paste the data into the 'Paint a match' box
Paste the copied data into the 'Paint a match' box within your DNA Painter chromosome map. You can either paste it into the 'Paint a new match' form or the 'Paint a Match' box, depending on the source.
Step 6: Paint the segments
Choose a colour to display the segments for this ancestor. The site will suggest a random colour. After clicking 'Save', DNA Painter will paint the segments onto the chromosomes in your map.
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Copying segment data
To copy segment data, you will need to first find the segments that you share with your match. This will be available via the one-to-one comparison (Gedmatch), the DNA Relatives tool (23andMe) or the chromosome browser (FamilyTreeDNA and MyHeritage).
Once you have found the segments you share, you can copy the segment data. If you are using Gedmatch, you can select and copy the entire page. If you are using FamilyTreeDNA, click on ''Detailed Segment Data' above the chromosomes to bring up a table. Copy the entire table using CTRL-C/CMD-C.
Now that you have copied the segment data, you can paste it into DNA Painter. Create a new chromosome map, which will be a set of blank chromosomes representing a single person. Then, click 'Paint a match' at the top right of your map. A form will appear, and you can paste the copied segment data into this form using CTRL-V/CMD-V.
DNA Painter will ignore the header row of the form. You will then have the option to preview the segments or save the match. Previewing the segments will allow you to view them overlaid on your existing map. If you choose to save the match, DNA Painter will ask for the name of the match and how you are related. You should use a unique name for each match and can include the kit name for future reference.
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Painting a match
To paint a match on DNA Painter, you need to have taken a DNA test and have access to your DNA data. You will also need a DNA match from a match list with access to segment data. If you have tested with 23andme, FamilyTreeDNA or MyHeritage, you can access your match list on their sites. If you have tested with AncestryDNA or LivingDNA, you will need to transfer your data to another provider with segment data to find a match.
Once you have your data, you can create a new chromosome map on DNA Painter. This will bring up a blank canvas representing your chromosomes. You can then copy the segment data from your match and paste it into the 'Paint a new match' or 'Paint a match' box within your chromosome map.
After you have pasted the data, you will need to assign the DNA that you share with your match to the ancestor you believe you inherited it from. You can indicate whether the match is on your maternal or paternal chromosome, and DNA Painter will suggest a colour to use when displaying the segments for this ancestor.
Finally, click 'Save' and DNA Painter will paint the segments onto the chromosomes in your map.
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Assigning DNA to an ancestor
DNA Painter is a tool that helps genealogists visualise DNA results and map chromosome segments to ancestors. It helps users make sense of DNA testing by mapping segments of DNA to chromosomes, allowing them to see which ancestors certain pieces of DNA came from and how new matches are related.
To start using DNA Painter, you need the data for the segments you match with a relative. The site does not use raw DNA data, only the segment data for the DNA you share with a match. You can obtain this data from your testing company, which provides it in a large single zipped text file.
To create a new chromosome map, go to the 'Dashboard' link in the top navigation, click on the 'Chromosome Maps' tab, and click 'Create a new map'. You will be asked to confirm the name and sex of the person the map is for. You will then see a "blank canvas", representing your chromosomes or those of the person who took the test.
You will then 'paint' your matches into this map, using the segments you share with them to determine from which ancestor you inherited each segment. Colours are assigned to ancestors (or groups of matches), not to individual matches. The site will suggest a random colour for each ancestor. Once you click 'Save', DNA Painter will paint the segments onto the chromosomes in your map.
To track down the identity of an unknown ancestor, you will need to examine several matches, narrowing down which ones are likely to be related to you via the unknown ancestor. A popular method for this is the Leeds Method. You will then need to undertake genealogical research to tie interrelated DNA matches together in a family tree.
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Using ethnicity painting to identify ancestry segments
DNA Painter is a tool that helps genealogists visualise their DNA results and map chromosome segments to ancestors. To start using DNA Painter, you need to create a new chromosome map and paint a match. This map represents a single person's chromosomes. You can then ''paint' your matches into this map and use the segments you share with them to determine which ancestor you inherited each segment from.
To create a map, go to the 'Dashboard' link in the top navigation, click on the 'Chromosome Maps' tab, and click 'Create a new map'. You will be asked to confirm the name and sex of the person the map is for. You will then see a "blank canvas", representing your chromosomes or those of the person who took the test.
You can then use the Family Tree DNA Chromosome Browser to identify the segments you share with a selected match. Clicking 'Detailed Segment Data' will bring up a table that can be copied and pasted into the DNA Painter 'Paint a new match' form. Alternatively, you can click the 'Copy segment data' button and paste the data directly into the 'Paint a match' box within your DNA Painter chromosome map.
The AncestryDNA chromosome painter shows a display of 22 of your chromosomes. Your DNA segments attributed to your maternal and paternal sides are shown using coloured bars on each chromosome. You can choose to view all chromosomes, or just the maternal or paternal ones.
The chromosome painter uses SideView™ technology to apportion your ethnicity estimates to contributions from each parent. It does this by comparing your DNA to that of your matches. If both of your parents have taken the test, the system can compare your DNA to theirs to determine which copy of chromosome 1 came from your mother and which came from your father. The same process can be used for the other chromosomes. Even if only one parent has tested, the chromosomes can be sorted by a process of elimination called phasing.
The Ancestry chromosome painter gives a close-up view of your chromosomes, so changes are more noticeable. You can also share and compare your chromosome painting with matches you communicate with. This can be useful for seeing where you share the same ethnicity estimates and may give hints to help you find your most recent common ancestor.
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Frequently asked questions
To get started, you need to create a new chromosome map. This can be done by clicking on the Dashboard link, selecting the Chromosome Maps tab, and clicking Create a new map. You will then be asked to confirm the name and sex of the person the map is for.
You will then see a blank canvas, which represents your chromosomes. You can then start to ''paint' your matches into this map.
To paint a match, click Paint a match at the top right of your map. A form will appear, and you can copy and paste the segment data into this form. The data represents the segments of DNA that you and your match have in common.
The data consists of the chromosome number, start, end, cMs, and SNPs for each segment. By default, only segments of over 7cM will be imported, but you can adjust this limit as desired.
You can generally infer that the segments you share come from the couple who are your most recent common ancestors with your match. You can then name the group after this ancestral couple or name it after the grandparent you are descended from.
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