Isabella Flores
Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida (27 February 1863 -- 10 August 1923) was a Spanish painter known for his portraits, landscapes, and monumental works of social and historical themes. His works are also distinguishable for their depiction of light and the effects of blazing Mediterranean sunlight. During his lifetime, Sorolla travelled extensively throughout Europe and the US, gaining international acclaim. He suffered a stroke in 1920, which left him paralysed on his left side and unable to work. He died three years later at the age of 60 in his home in Cercedilla.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | 27 February 1863 |
| Place of Birth | Valencia, Spain |
| Parents | Joaquin Sorolla and Concepción Bastida |
| Education | Initial art education in his native town at the age of 9; Academy of San Carlos in Valencia at age 15; Academy of Fine Arts in Valencia; Studied master paintings in the Museo del Prado in Madrid; Studied in Rome and Paris |
| Marriage | Clotilde García del Castillo in 1888 |
| Children | Maria, born in 1890; Joaquín, born in 1892; Elena, born in 1895 |
| Career | Painter; Exhibited paintings at the Exposición Nacional de Bellas Artes in Madrid in his late teens; Painted large history painting acquired by the Spanish government in 1884; First striking success with Another Marguerite in 1892; Painted masterpieces linking art and science in 1897; Became head of the modern Spanish school of painting; International exhibitions in Madrid, Paris, Venice, Munich, Berlin, Chicago, Vienna, Buenos Aires, and New York; Received a commission from the Hispanic Society of America in 1912; Lectured in colour and composition at Madrid's school of Bellas Artes in 1914 |
| Death | 10 August 1923 |
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What You'll Learn
Sorolla travelled to Madrid, Rome, Paris, and beyond
Joaquin Sorolla was born in Valencia, Spain, in 1863. He began his artistic training at the age of nine in his hometown and later studied under various teachers. At the age of eighteen, he travelled to Madrid, where he studied master paintings at the Museo del Prado. This trip to Madrid marked the beginning of Sorolla's exploration of the art world beyond his native land.
After completing his military service, Sorolla obtained a grant that allowed him to study painting in Rome, Italy, for four years. He was welcomed and mentored by Francisco Pradilla, the director of the Spanish Academy in Rome. During his time in Rome, Sorolla also studied with notable artists such as José Benlliure, Emilio Sala, and José Villegas Cordero.
In 1885, Sorolla took a lengthy trip to Paris, where he was exposed to modern painting for the first time. He attended exhibitions of artists such as Jules Bastien-Lepage and Adolf von Menzel, which had a significant influence on his artistic development. Sorolla's time in Paris played a crucial role in broadening his artistic horizons and introducing him to contemporary artistic trends.
Following his studies in Paris and Rome, Sorolla returned to Valencia, where he married Clotilde García del Castillo in 1888. The couple then settled in Madrid in 1890, marking the beginning of a new chapter in Sorolla's artistic career. During this period, he focused on creating large canvases with orientalist, mythological, historical, and social subjects. His works were exhibited internationally in cities such as Madrid, Paris, Venice, Munich, Berlin, and Chicago.
Sorolla's paintings gained widespread recognition, and he became known as the head of the modern Spanish school of painting. His international success led to extensive travel throughout Europe and the United States, further expanding his artistic horizons beyond the boundaries of Spain. Sorolla's travels not only influenced his artistic style but also contributed to his growing reputation as a leading artist of his time.
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He married Clotilde García del Castillo in 1888
Joaquín Sorolla, a Spanish painter known for his exceptional artistic talent, married Clotilde García del Castillo in 1888. Sorolla was born in 1863 in Valencia, Spain, and began exhibiting paintings at the Exposición Nacional de Bellas Artes in Madrid in his late teens. By the time he was 20, he had started to gain recognition in his hometown. The Provincial Council of Valencia subsidised his long stay in Rome, where he honed his skills in classical and Renaissance art, as well as modern trends.
In 1888, Sorolla returned to Valencia to marry Clotilde García del Castillo, whom he had first met in 1879 while working in her father's studio. Their wedding took place on 8 September 1888, in the parish of San Martín. The couple initially settled in Assisi, Italy, before moving to Madrid in 1890. During the early years of their marriage, Sorolla's career flourished as he developed his distinctive style, known as 'luminism', characterised by his masterful depiction of light and landscapes under the bright Mediterranean sunlight.
Clotilde played a significant role in Sorolla's life and career. She was his muse, wife, friend, confidante, and lover. Sorolla portrayed her in more than 70 of his works, including "Clotilde in a Black Dress" (1905). The couple's passionate relationship is evident in the more than 2,000 letters they exchanged during their frequent separations. Clotilde also managed Sorolla's diary and accounts, organised his exhibitions, and was the administrator of his immense legacy, including the creation of the Sorolla Museum.
The couple had three children: María Clotilde (born in 1890), Joaquín (born in 1892), and Elena (born in 1895). Sorolla's paintings during this period reflected his family life and the elegant world of the bourgeoisie. In 1890, they moved to Madrid, where Sorolla focused on creating large canvases with orientalist, mythological, historical, and social themes for exhibitions in Madrid, Paris, Venice, Munich, Berlin, and Chicago. His painting "The Return from Fishing" (1894) gained international recognition when it was exhibited at the Paris Salon and purchased by the French state.
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Sorolla's paintings were exhibited internationally
Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida was a Spanish painter born in Valencia, Spain, on February 27, 1863. He travelled to Madrid at the age of eighteen to study master paintings in the Museo del Prado. After completing his military service, he obtained a grant to study painting in Rome, Italy, for four years. In 1885, he visited Paris, where he was first exposed to modern painting through exhibitions of Jules Bastien-Lepage and Adolph von Menzel.
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He suffered a stroke in 1920 and died in 1923
Joaquín Sorolla was a prolific Spanish painter, known for his dexterous representation of people and landscapes under the bright sunlight of his native land, Spain. Sorolla's paintings were often large canvases, capturing the intense light and broad horizon of the coast. He was a virtuoso painter, known for painting "voraciously" using brushes with exceptionally long handles to cover huge canvases at an astonishing speed.
Sorolla's career was a breathless succession of Spanish and international exhibitions, commissions for portraits, showers of honours, and almost ceaseless travel. He was the head of the modern Spanish school of painting, and by 1900, he was considered the most famous of all living Spanish artists. In 1906, he had a solo exhibition of nearly 500 works at Georges Petit's gallery in Paris, which was a critical and commercial triumph. In 1909, the Hispanic Society of America hosted an exhibition of Sorolla's works in New York City, where 195 of the 356 paintings on show were sold.
In 1911, Sorolla began work on a major commission to produce a series of vast panels celebrating the life and customs of the different regions of Spain for the Hispanic Society's new headquarters in New York. This enormous and exhausting endeavour would dominate the next eight years of his life. Sorolla completed the final panel of the murals in 1919, by which time he was exhausted.
Sadly, Sorolla suffered a paralyzing stroke in 1920 while painting a portrait in his garden and never painted again. His health slowly deteriorated, and he died on 10 August 1923, at the age of sixty. He was buried like a state hero.
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Sorolla's works often depicted light and the Spanish coast
Joaquin Sorolla was a Spanish painter born in Valencia, Spain, on February 27, 1863. He lost his parents at a young age and was raised by his aunt and uncle. Sorolla showed an early talent for art and began his art education at the age of nine in his hometown. He later studied under various teachers, including Cayetano Capuz and Salustiano Asenjo. At eighteen, he travelled to Madrid, where he studied master paintings at the Museo del Prado. After completing his military service, he obtained a grant to study painting in Rome, Italy, for four years. He also spent time in Paris, where he was exposed to modern painting.
Sorolla's paintings often featured large canvases and were exhibited internationally in cities such as Madrid, Paris, Venice, Munich, Berlin, Chicago, and Buenos Aires. His first significant success came with "Another Marguerite" (1892), which won a gold medal at the National Exhibition in Madrid and the first prize at the Chicago International Exhibition. Another notable work is "The Return from Fishing" (1894), which was exhibited at the Paris Salon and purchased by the French state for the Musée du Luxembourg.
In 1897, Sorolla painted two masterpieces linking art and science: "Portrait of Dr. Simarro at the Microscope" and "A Research". These paintings were presented at the National Exhibition of Fine Arts in Madrid, and Sorolla won the Prize of Honor. In 1899, he created another significant work, "Sad Inheritance", an extremely large canvas depicting crippled children bathing at the sea in Valencia.
Sorolla's talent for capturing light and the Spanish coast was recognised during his lifetime, and he became known as the "Master of Light". He continued to paint until he suffered a stroke in 1920, which left him paralysed on his left side. Sorolla passed away three years later, in 1923, leaving behind a legacy of beautiful paintings that captured the light and beauty of his beloved Spain.
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Frequently asked questions
Sorolla was born in Valencia, Spain, in 1863, and orphaned at a young age. He began his artistic education at the age of 9 and later travelled to Madrid, Rome, and Paris to study art. He married Clotilde García del Castillo in 1888, and they moved to Madrid in 1890, where he began to gain recognition for his paintings. Sorolla suffered a stroke in 1920 and died in 1923.
Sorolla's work focused on portraits, landscapes, and monumental works of social and historical themes. He often painted beach scenes and was known for his ability to capture the effects of Mediterranean sunlight. He also painted orientalist and mythological subjects on large canvases.
Sorolla was inspired by his home city of Valencia and often returned there to paint. He was also influenced by Spanish masters such as Diego Velázquez and El Greco, as well as modern painters like Jules Bastien-Lepage and Adolph von Menzel.
Sorolla's work gained international recognition and he became the acknowledged head of the modern Spanish school of painting. His paintings were exhibited in cities across Europe and as far as Buenos Aires and New York. He also received commissions from institutions such as the Hispanic Society of America, which resulted in his most ambitious project, 'Vision of Spain'.
