
Light painting, also known as light drawing, light art performance photography, or freezelight, is a photographic technique that involves moving a light source during a long-exposure photograph. The technique can be used to illuminate a subject or space or to create light art. Light painting artists may use dedicated devices such as computer-controlled LED arrays or Persistence of Vision (POV) LED instruments to create their light art. Lighting technicians, on the other hand, work in theatre, film, television, and music productions to set up and move lighting equipment under the direction of a lighting designer, gaffer, or lighting director. Given the different roles and applications of light in their work, is the on-set painter of lighted technologists?
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What You'll Learn

Thomas Kinkade, the 'Painter of Light'
Thomas Kinkade, also known as the "Painter of Light", was an American painter known for his realistic, pastoral, and idyllic art. He was born in 1958 and grew up in Placerville, a small town near Sacramento. Kinkade attended Berkeley and the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena but had to leave due to financial reasons. Despite this setback, he went on to become one of the most collected artists in modern history, with his work mass-marketed and reproduced in homes across America.
Kinkade's artwork often featured bucolic and idyllic settings, including gardens, streams, stone cottages, lighthouses, and Main Streets. His hometown of Placerville inspired many of his street and snow scenes, and he also incorporated various Christian themes, such as the cross and churches. One of his beloved narrative paintings is about Snow White, and he was chosen as the official artist for Disneyland's 50th anniversary.
Kinkade's unique ability to capture warmth and natural illumination in his paintings earned him his nickname, the "Painter of Light". In one of his video clips, he explains his technique, saying, "The lights in the window need just a little extra pop. So I bring them some pigment, and you can see it here that that little extra bit of pigment creates the sense of glow within the window."
Kinkade founded Thomas Kinkade Studios to carry on his legacy, and his artwork continues to be crafted with care and authenticity. His work has brought comfort and joy to millions, as evidenced by the words of his brother, Patrick: "His work provides comfort and a sense of home, and the people who enjoy his work are forever touched."
In addition to his artistic achievements, Kinkade was also a bestselling author, with "Lightposts for Living" and "Cape Light" among his notable works. He was selected to paint the National Christmas Tree in Washington, D.C., twice and was inducted into the California Tourism Hall of Fame for showcasing the beauty of California in his art.
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Light painting as an art form
Light painting, also known as light drawing, light art performance photography, or freezelight, is a photographic technique that involves moving a light source during a long-exposure photograph. This technique can be used to illuminate a subject or space, or to create designs and images within the frame. Light painting can also involve moving the camera itself during exposure to light sources, a technique known as "shutter drag" or "camera drag".
The use of light in art has a long history, with the first known light painting created in 1889 by Étienne-Jules Marey and Georges Demeny, who traced human motion in their work "Pathological Walk From in Front". In the early 20th century, photographer Barbara Morgan created light paintings by having dancers move with lights, capturing their motion in long-exposure photographs. In 1935, Man Ray became the first known art photographer to use light painting as a technique, creating a self-portrait with his name inscribed in cursive script using a penlight during the exposure.
In the 1970s and '80s, artists like Eric Staller and Dean Chamberlain experimented with light painting, creating series of images that explored the potential of this art form. Staller's "Light Drawings" series is considered highly influential on light painters today. Chamberlain is often credited as the "father of light painting photography" for his dedication to the art form and his early adoption of the technique while studying at the Rochester Institute of Technology in 1977.
The 21st century saw a surge in the popularity of light painting, partly due to advancements in camera and light source technology, as well as the advent of media sharing websites that allowed practitioners to connect and share ideas. Artists like Kamil Varga, John Hesketh, and JanLeonardo have continued to innovate and explore the possibilities of light painting as a unique art form.
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Lighting technicians and their roles
Lighting technicians are an essential part of any film or TV production. They are responsible for setting up lighting equipment, positioning lights, and creating various moods, atmospheres, and effects. They work closely with other departments, such as Make-Up and Costume, to ensure the actors and performers look right for their roles and the desired effects are achieved.
Lighting technicians may also be referred to as lighting electricians or lamp operators and are key professionals within the electrical department of a film production. They work under the instructions of the Gaffer (Chief Lighting Technician) and the Best Boy, who acts as the team leader. The Gaffer is in charge of all the electrical work and leads the team in installing lighting equipment and arranging power supplies to create the desired lighting effects.
To become a lighting technician, one usually starts by working in a lighting hire company to gain knowledge of the equipment. However, some start their careers in theatre. Many lighting technicians become freelancers once they have established themselves in the industry. While a formal college degree is not required, many pursue relevant education in film production, electrical engineering, or theater arts to gain foundational knowledge. Technical schools, vocational training, or apprenticeships are also common pathways.
Lighting technicians must possess a range of skills, including technical proficiency with lighting equipment and electrical systems, as well as knowledge of health and safety legislation and procedures. They need to be able to work at heights, have good stamina and agility, and be able to adapt to different roles and requirements for each production.
Overall, lighting technicians play a crucial role in creating the desired look and feel of a film or TV production through their expertise in lighting and electrical work.
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Lighting equipment and safety
Lighting Equipment:
Lighting equipment in the film industry encompasses a wide range of tools and technologies. The most common types of lights used in cinema include:
- Tungsten lights: Powerful sources that emit a warm color temperature.
- HMI lights: Even more powerful than tungsten lights, emitting a slightly cooler temperature, often used to replicate daylight.
- Fluorescent lights: Softer and less powerful, producing a cool light.
- Kino Flos: Banks of tube lights with adjustable color temperatures.
- LED lights: Offer control over color and strength, though usually not as bright as HMI lights.
Other equipment may include modifiers like bounces, negative fill, and overhead diffusion to control natural light, as well as atmospheric effects like theatrical haze or fog to add color and texture to the lighting setup.
Lighting Safety:
Lighting safety is of utmost importance to ensure the well-being of the crew and talent. Here are some key considerations:
- Cable Management: Secure all cables to light stands and the floor to prevent tripping hazards. Use carpet runners with rubber bottoms and trim to cover cables, securing them with gaffer's tape.
- Hanging Lights: Safety-chain hanging lights to prevent accidents and ensure stability.
- Light Stands: Weigh down light stands to prevent them from toppling over.
- Handling Lighting Instruments: Always practice safety when handling lighting instruments to avoid burns and other injuries.
- Planning: Allocate sufficient time for setting up lighting equipment to maintain a safe environment.
By following these safety guidelines and staying vigilant, lighting technicians and crew members can create a secure and efficient working environment.
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Lighting design decisions
When making lighting design decisions, technicians consider the desired mood and atmosphere of a scene. They manipulate light and shadow to enhance the visual impact, using techniques such as focusing lights, installing colour effects, and creating special effects or programming sequences. Safety is also a crucial aspect of lighting design, ensuring that electrical cables are laid properly and fixtures are securely wired.
The Set Lighting Technician's Handbook, written by Harry Box, is a popular resource for lighting technicians. It covers a range of topics, including basic electricity, advanced electrical systems, lighting design decisions, set protocol, teamwork, and safety procedures. The book provides practical information, tricks of the trade, and aesthetic discussions, catering to professionals and beginners alike.
In summary, lighting design decisions encompass both creative and technical aspects of lighting for film, television, or video productions. Lighting technicians play a crucial role in bringing scenes to life, contributing to the overall visual impact and atmosphere of the final product.
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Frequently asked questions
Light painting is a technique of image creation using light directly, such as with LEDs on a projective surface. Light painters often use dedicated devices they make themselves, such as computer-controlled devices like the Pixelstick, or Persistence of Vision (POV) LED instruments.
Some famous light painters include Man Ray, who was the first known art photographer to use the technique in 1935, photographer Barbara Morgan, who made light paintings from 1935-1941, and Pablo Picasso, who created a series of light drawings in 1949.
Thomas Kinkade is known as the world-famous "Painter of Light". He founded Thomas Kinkade Studios to carry on his legacy.











































