Isabella Flores
Adobe Substance 3D Painter is a powerful tool for texturing 3D models in real time, offering a range of features to manipulate layers and create intricate designs. While the software allows for multiple layers and channels, users may sometimes want to focus on a single layer for specific effects. To paint on a single layer, users can select the desired layer from the Layer Stack, which controls the hierarchy of layers, and choose the channel they want to affect. Disabling other channels ensures that subsequent painting actions only impact the selected layer. Additionally, the program offers various tools for masking and editing specific areas of a layer, such as using stickers or image files as masks for precise adjustments.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Painting on one layer only | Use the brush to paint and choose the sphere option. This creates a ball of color that penetrates the object. |
| Layer stack | The layer at the top of the stack is the last item, while the layer at the bottom is the first one. |
| Layer instancing | It is mandatory to select the source layer to edit its properties. |
| Painting on a single channel | Select the group from the drop-down menu at the top of the layer stack and select the channel you want to effect. |
| Globally editing the color of a paint layer | Right-click on the layer, add a filter, then look for HSL (hue, saturation, light) to change the hue. |
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What You'll Learn
- Use the brush tool to paint and select the sphere option to create a ball of colour
- Use the fill layer method to change the colour of a paint layer
- Paint on the mask manually in grayscale with a brush or use filters for more dynamic results
- Select the group and channel you want to effect from the drop-down menu at the top of the layer stack
- Use the sticker as a mask for the fill layer
Use the brush tool to paint and select the sphere option to create a ball of colour
When painting on only one layer in Substance Painter, you can use the brush tool to paint and select the sphere option to create a ball of colour. This sphere of colour will penetrate the object and can be observed by slicing the object and pulling down the layer slider to see the effect on the inner layers.
The Paint tool in Substance Painter is used to apply colours and material properties to a 3D mesh. It offers a range of brush shapes, including the standard sphere brush and the swept sphere brush. The standard sphere brush creates a shape by dragging the brush along a curve, resulting in discrete stamps along the path. On the other hand, the swept sphere brush is applied continuously, producing smoother surfaces.
To create a ball of colour with the brush tool, you can adjust the brush parameters to define the look and feel of the brush stroke. The Alpha determines the shape of the brush tip, and you can choose from a wide range of Alphas available in Substance Painter or create your own with Adobe Substance 3D Designer. Additionally, the Physics properties allow you to control the particles projected when painting, and you can enable them by switching the tool to "Physical" or by clicking on a Particle brush preset.
When using the brush tool, you can also utilise the Lazy Mouse feature to paint smoother and more precise strokes. Lazy Mouse offsets the distance between the cursor and the brush stroke, resulting in a more controlled painting experience.
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Use the fill layer method to change the colour of a paint layer
To change the colour of a paint layer in Substance Painter, you can use the fill layer method. This involves creating a fill layer and then adding a black mask. You can then paint on the mask to reveal your chosen colour. When you want to change the colour, simply go to the fill settings and select a new colour.
- Open the Layers Panel by selecting the Layers tab.
- Right-click on the layer in the Layers panel and select "Add Fill" to fill the layer with colour. Alternatively, you can select "Add Effect" at the top of the Layer panel and then choose "Add Fill".
- Choose any colour for the fill layer.
- Add a black mask to the fill layer.
- Paint on the mask to reveal your chosen colour.
- To change the colour, go to the fill settings and select a new colour. You can use the colour picker to choose the exact colour you want.
Using the fill layer method with a mask provides more versatility in the workflow, as it allows you to use the full colour picker and the eyedrop tool to select your desired colour. It also gives you more control over the colour adjustments compared to using a paint layer, where you are limited to using sliders to adjust the hue.
It's important to note that the fill layer itself cannot be painted on. Instead, you load a material into it to fill the channels, and you can manipulate the transformation to repeat the material if needed. The fill layer method is a useful technique to master when working with Substance Painter's layer system, which operates similarly to other paint programs like Photoshop, allowing you to layer multiple elements and rearrange their order to match your desired design.
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Paint on the mask manually in grayscale with a brush or use filters for more dynamic results
When painting on a mask in Substance 3D Painter, you can either paint on the mask manually or use filters and substances for more dynamic and procedural results.
To paint manually, use a brush to paint in grayscale. First, create a fill layer for the colour, reflectiveness, metalness, and other properties. Use your sticker as a mask for that fill layer. If you want to add other effects like scratches and wear, create fill, paint, or generator sublayers in the sticker layer's mask. Set them up as needed and use blend modes such as multiply.
Alternatively, you can use filters to transform the content of a layer or mask. There are two ways to apply a filter, depending on how you want it to function. For example, to apply a blur filter to the content of a layer, select the content of the layer (left thumbnail), then click on the effect button or right-click to open the context menu and select "add filter". Then, select the desired filter. This method is intended for filters that should apply to the entire layer stack.
Additionally, when painting on multiple layers, it is possible to draw more than the top layer when using multiple materials. For instance, in 3D rendering software such as Blender or ZBrush, you can choose the sphere option when painting with a brush. This creates a ball of colour that penetrates the object, allowing you to see the effect on the inner layers.
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Select the group and channel you want to effect from the drop-down menu at the top of the layer stack
When painting in Substance 3D Painter, you can manipulate the layers of a Texture Set using the Layer Stack. Each layer is multi-channel, and the paint tool will paint on all of their respective channels, depending on the material settings.
If you want to paint on a single channel at a time, rather than a full material, you can use layer groups to target specific channels. To do this, create a new layer group in the layer stack and select it from the drop-down menu at the top of the layer stack. Then, choose the channel you want to affect. For example, if you want to paint only in diffuse, create a layer group and set it to only affect diffuse. Any layers placed in this group will adhere to the setup and only affect the diffuse channel.
You can also invert the background of the mask using the right-click menu, which is useful if you want to avoid destroying the effects attached to a mask. Additionally, you can use the brush to paint and choose the sphere option to create a ball of colour that penetrates the object.
The Layer Stack has a specific hierarchy, with the layer at the bottom drawn first on the mesh, and the layer on top following. This also applies to folders, where the content of the folder takes priority and is processed before the layers at the same level.
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Use the sticker as a mask for the fill layer
When working with Substance 3D Painter, you can use a sticker as a mask for a fill layer. This allows you to add effects such as dust, scratches, and wear to the sticker layer. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to do it:
First, import your sticker image texture and create a sticker-shaped alpha. You can do this by stamping it onto your desired location. Next, create a fill layer for the colour, reflectiveness, metalness, and any other desired attributes. This fill layer will serve as the base for your sticker mask.
Now, use your sticker as a mask for the fill layer. If your sticker is an image file, simply drag and drop it from your file explorer onto the model. When prompted, select the mask option for the material channel (colour, metalness, etc.) you want to use. This automatically creates a fill layer with the sticker's transparency data as its mask.
If you want to add additional effects like scratches and wear, you can create sublayers within the sticker layer's mask. These could be fill, paint, or generator sublayers, depending on the effect you want to achieve. Adjust the settings as needed, such as colour and roughness variation, and use blend modes like "multiply" to fine-tune the results.
Additionally, you can create anchor points on the sticker layer to further refine the masking process. By using the "extract alpha" option in the alpha behaviour settings, you can ensure that only the sticker area is affected, masking everything outside it. This technique allows you to precisely control the application of effects and adjustments to the desired area.
By following these steps, you can effectively use a sticker as a mask for a fill layer in Substance 3D Painter, enabling you to add various effects and adjustments to the sticker area while keeping the rest of the model unaffected.
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Frequently asked questions
To paint on only one layer, you must first select the group from the drop-down menu at the top of the layer stack. Choose the channel you want to affect and set the blend mode for the group to 'Norm'. To disable other channels, go back to the channel drop-down list and choose a channel you do not want to affect, then select 'disable' for the blending mode.
Create a fill layer for the colour, reflectiveness, metalness, etc. Then, use your desired shape/sticker as a mask for that fill layer.
If the shape/sticker is an image file that is available to you, you do not need to paint it manually. Simply drag and drop the file onto the model, select the material channel and choose the mask option.
Right-click on the layer, add a filter, and look for HSL (hue, saturation, light) to change the hue. Alternatively, create a fill layer, choose a colour, add a black mask, and paint on the mask to reveal your chosen colour.
The Layer Stack allows you to manipulate the layers of a Texture Set. You can hide and unhide layers, change their opacity and blending mode, and put them into folders. The view mode of the layer stack can be controlled via the top left drop-down menu.
