Elena Rossi
Citing a painting from a website is a straightforward process. The general format for an MLA citation is:
> Artist's Last Name, First Name. Title of Work: Subtitle if Any. Year, Name of Site, URL.
However, there are slight variations depending on whether you are citing a painting you saw in person or online, and the style of referencing you are using (e.g. APA, MLA, or Chicago).
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Artist's Last Name | Surname of the artist |
| Artist's First Name | First name of the artist |
| Title of Artwork | Title of the painting |
| Year of Creation | Year the painting was created |
| Museum or Gallery | Name of the museum or gallery |
| City | City of the museum or gallery |
| URL | Web address |
| Access Date | Date accessed |
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Artist's name format
When citing a painting, the artist's name should be listed first. The artist is considered the "author" of the painting in the Works Cited entry. The artist's last name should be written first, followed by a comma, and then their first name. For example, "Matisse, Henri".
If a middle name or initial is provided, this should be included after the artist's first name, followed by a period. For instance, "Goya, Francisco." If no artist is credited, start the citation with the title of the painting. If the work is credited to "Anonymous," use "Anonymous" as the artist's name.
In the case of a painting with multiple artists, list them in the order they appear on the source. Separate the names with commas, and use an ampersand before the final name. For example, "Smith, Jane, & Doe, John." If there are more than two artists, only the first artist's name should be inverted. For example, "Smith, Jane, Doe, John, & Smith, Robert."
It is important to note that the specific format for artist name citation may vary depending on the citation style used, such as MLA, APA, or Chicago style.
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Artwork details
When citing a painting found on a website, the format is generally as follows:
Artist's Last Name, First Name. Title of Artwork. Year created. Name of Site, URL. Accessed Date.
For example:
Warhol, Andy. Self-portrait. 1979. J. Paul Getty Museum, www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/106971/andy-warhol-self-portrait-american-1979/. Accessed 20 Jan.
If you are referring to information from the artwork without reproducing it, you should include an in-text citation and a Works Cited list entry. The format for this is as follows:
Artist's Last Name, First Name. Title of Work: Subtitle if Any. Year, Location of Work. "Title of Webpage," by Author's Last Name, First Name. Title of Website, Publisher or Sponsoring Organization, Date of publication or last modified date, URL. Accessed access date.
Note that the date of access is now optional in MLA 8th edition. If no publication date is included, it is recommended to include the date you last accessed the site.
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Website name
When citing a painting from a website, the format is generally as follows:
MLA Style
Artist's Last Name, First Name. Title of Artwork. Year created. Name of Site, URL. Accessed Date.
For example:
Warhol, Andy. Self-portrait. 1979. J. Paul Getty Museum, www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/106971/andy-warhol-self-portrait-american-1979/. Accessed 20 Jan.
If you are referring to the information from the artwork but not reproducing it, you should include an in-text citation and a Works Cited list entry:
Artist's Last Name, First Name. Title of Work: Subtitle if Any. Year, Location of Work. "Title of Webpage," by Author's Last Name, First Name. Title of Website, Publisher or Sponsoring Organization, Date of publication or last modified date, URL. Accessed access date.
Note that the date of access is now optional in MLA 8th edition. If no publication date is included, it is recommended to include the date you last accessed the site.
APA Style
Artist’s Last Name, Artist’s First Initial. (Year).
For example:
Leutze, E. (1851).
If you are citing a painting you saw in person, follow the same format as for online, but replace the name of the website with the name of the gallery/museum (not italicized), followed by a comma and the city where the museum is located:
Artist’s Last Name, Artist’s First Name. Title of Artwork OR description. Year of creation, Museum, City.
For example:
Leutze, Emmanuel. Washington Crossing the Delaware. 1851, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.
Even if you saw the painting in person, if it is available online, include the URL, and the citation will be the same as for viewing a painting online in APA.
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URL and access date
When citing a painting from a website, the URL and access date are crucial components of the citation. Here are some detailed guidelines on how to format this information:
MLA Style
For MLA style citations, the URL and access date are typically included at the end of the citation. Here is the order of elements for citing a painting from a website in MLA style:
- Artist's Last Name, Artist's First Name.
- Title of Artwork (in italics).
- Year of creation.
- Description of materials or medium.
- Dimensions, if available.
- Museum or institution name, City.
- Name of Website.
- URL (including "https://www.").
- Access date (formatted as "Accessed Month Day, Year").
For example:
> Van Gogh, Vincent. The Starry Night. 1889. Oil on canvas. 29 in. x 36.25 in. Museum of Modern Art, New York. https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/vincent-van-gogh-the-starry-night-1889/. Accessed October 23, 2018.
Note that the access date is now optional in MLA 8th edition. If there is no publication date listed on the website, it is recommended to include the date you accessed the site.
APA and Chicago Styles
For APA and Chicago styles, the basic structure for citing a painting from a website is similar to MLA. However, there may be slight variations in the formatting of the URL and access date:
- Artist's Last Name, Artist's First Name. (APA: Last name, comma, first name; Chicago: Last name, first name)
- Title of Artwork (in italics).
- Year of creation.
- Description of materials or medium.
- Museum or institution name, City.
- Name of Website.
- URL (including "https://www.").
- Access date, if required.
Always remember to refer to the specific guidelines for APA or Chicago styles to ensure accurate formatting and inclusion of all necessary information.
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In-text citation
When citing a painting from a website in-text, there are several styles you can use, including Modern Language Association (MLA), APA, and Chicago. Here's how to format your in-text citations in each of these styles:
MLA Style
In MLA style, you typically don't need parenthetical in-text citations for paintings. Instead, you can simply mention the artist's name followed by the title of the work in italics. For example: "One of Francisco Goya's subjects in *The Family of Charles IV* has her head turned away." Note that only the first word and any proper nouns in the title are capitalized.
If you are citing a digital image that does not have a title, include a description of the image in place of the title. For example: "Creator’s Last name, First name. 'Description of the digital image.' Publication date, Title of website, Web address."
Additionally, if you viewed the artwork on a museum's website, treat the website name as the container and include the publisher and URL at the end of the citation. For example: "Goya, Francisco. *The Family of Charles IV*. 1800, Museo del Prado, Madrid. Gardener's Art Through the Ages, by Richard G. Tansey and Fred S. Kleiner, Harcourt Brace, p. 939, www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-family-of-carlos-iv/."
APA Style
For in-text citations in APA style, follow this format: "Artist's Last Name, Artist's First Initial. (Year)." For example: "Van Gogh, V. (1889)."
If you are citing a painting viewed online, include the URL and follow this format: "Artist’s Last Name, Artist’s First Initial. (Year), retrieved from [URL]."
Chicago Style
In Chicago style, the in-text citation format for a painting may vary depending on the specific guidelines you are following. Be sure to consult a Chicago style guide or your instructor for specific instructions.
In general, when citing a painting or artwork in any style, it is important to provide as much information as possible, including the artist's full name, the title of the work, the year of creation, the museum or gallery where it is housed, and the city where the museum is located.
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Frequently asked questions
Artist’s Last Name, First Name. Title of Artwork. Year created. Name of Site, URL. Accessed Date.
For example: Warhol, Andy. Self-portrait. 1979. J. Paul Getty Museum, www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/106971/andy-warhol-self-portrait-american-1979/. Accessed 20 Jan.
Artist’s Last Name, Artist’s First Initial. (Year). Title of Artwork OR description. [Medium]. Name of Institution/Museum/Gallery housing the work, Source or Publisher, URL.
Artist's Last Name, First Name. Title of Work: Subtitle if Any. Year, Name of Site, URL. Accessed Access Date.
