Elena Rossi
When creating a high-resolution image, the number of pixels per inch (PPI) is crucial. PPI refers to the number of pixels in one inch of an image when viewed on a screen. A higher PPI results in a sharper image, and the standard has increased from 72 PPI to 250 PPI on modern high-pixel-density screens. For digital art, a minimum canvas size of 3300 by 2550 pixels is recommended for printing, and a larger canvas size of up to 7200 x 10800 pixels may be desired for poster-sized prints. To achieve a high-quality print, the image resolution should also be considered, with a minimum of 220 PPI suggested for inkjet printers.
How many pixels for painting a high-resolution image?
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Minimum canvas size for printing | 3300 x 2550 pixels |
| Maximum canvas size for printing | 7200 x 10800 pixels |
| Maximum Photoshop pixel dimensions | 300,000 x 300,000 pixels |
| Minimum image resolution for high-quality photos on inkjet printers | 220 PPI |
| Typical screen PPI | 250 PPI |
| Typical desktop or phone wallpaper size | 1920 x 1080 pixels |
| Instagram photo sizes | 1080 x 1080 pixels (square), 1080 x 566 pixels (landscape), 1080 x 1350 pixels (portrait) |
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What You'll Learn
PPI (pixels per inch) and DPI (dots per inch)
When creating digital art, the size of the canvas is measured in pixels. PPI, or pixels per inch, is a measure of how many pixels are in 1 inch when viewed on a screen. A higher PPI means a higher-quality image due to its greater pixel density. PPI is used for digital images and is usually reserved for screen and digital image formats. A PPI of 72 was the norm for screens, but now with high-pixel-density screens like phones and tablets, it is more like 250 PPI. The industry standard for print is 300 PPI.
DPI, or dots per inch, is a similar concept to PPI but refers to the number of 'pixels' in 1 inch when printed. DPI is a measure of the print output and is used to determine the print size of an image on paper. The higher the DPI, the finer the printed output. Most inkjet printers have a resolution of approximately 720 to 2880 DPI, while a laser printer produces images from 600 to around 2400 DPI.
The terms DPI and PPI are often used interchangeably, which can be confusing. This confusion is compounded by the fact that PPI can also affect the quality of the final printed picture, and some professional print services request pictures at a certain DPI level, when they actually mean PPI.
Resampling is a technique used to change the number of pixels in an image to match the print size. This can be used to increase or decrease the size of the image. However, it is generally best to avoid increasing the resolution when resampling as this can lead to poorer image quality.
When creating digital art, it is recommended to start with a smaller canvas size to avoid issues with system responsiveness. A minimum canvas size of 3300 by 2550 pixels is recommended if you want to print your digital art. For desktop or phone wallpapers, a resolution of 1920x1080 pixels will suffice, or you can go up to 2560 x 1440 pixels.
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Canvas size and resolution
When creating a high-resolution image, the canvas size and resolution are important factors to consider. The canvas size refers to the dimensions of the image in pixels, and the resolution refers to the number of pixels per inch (PPI or DPI). The higher the resolution, the more pixels there are per inch, and the greater the image quality.
For digital art, the canvas size is crucial and can be challenging to determine. A small canvas size can limit the use of the final image, but a large canvas size can slow down the painting process and hinder the performance of your system. It is recommended to start with the largest canvas size you might need for your intended use case and then downsize if your system becomes sluggish. For example, if you plan to create a poster, a final canvas size of 7200 x 10800 pixels is suggested. However, if you only need a desktop or phone wallpaper, a smaller size of 1920 x 1080 pixels or 2560 x 1440 pixels will suffice.
The PPI (pixels per inch) refers to the number of pixels displayed on a screen. A monitor with 150 PPI will show an image that is 300 pixels tall and wide as 2 inches tall. On the other hand, DPI (dots per inch) refers to the number of pixels in a printed image. The same 300 x 300-pixel image printed at 300 DPI would be 1 inch tall and wide. While PPI and DPI are similar, they are sometimes used interchangeably, which can be confusing. Additionally, the term DPI is commonly used when setting up canvas sizes, even if printing is not intended.
When printing digital art, it is recommended to have a minimum canvas size of 3300 x 2550 pixels. A canvas size larger than 6000 pixels on the long side is typically not required unless you plan to print a poster. For high-quality photo printing on an inkjet printer, an image resolution of at least 220 PPI is suggested, with most inkjet printers offering a resolution between 720 and 2880 DPI.
It is important to note that resampling an image by changing its pixel dimensions or resolution can impact its quality. Downsampling, or decreasing the number of pixels, results in the deletion of information from the image. Conversely, upsampling, or increasing the number of pixels, adds new pixels, which can lead to a loss of detail and sharpness in the image. Therefore, it is advisable to create the image at a sufficiently high resolution to avoid the need for resampling.
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Scanning images
The first scanner that could store images digitally on a computer was a drum scanner developed in 1957. Modern scanners typically use a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a contact image sensor (CIS). Flatbed scanners are the most common type used in homes and offices, where the document is placed on a glass bed. Sheetfed scanners, on the other hand, move the page across an image sensor using rollers and can scan one or multiple pages at a time.
There are also scanning applications available for smartphones that can be used to scan images and documents. These apps often offer features such as automatic cropping, glare reduction, and basic editing tools for enhancing scanned images. Some popular scanning apps include Google PhotoScan, Microsoft Lens, and Photomyne.
When scanning images, it is important to consider the desired canvas size and resolution. The canvas size refers to the dimensions of the digital image, typically measured in pixels. A larger canvas size provides more flexibility for using the image in different applications but comes with the drawback of slower performance and larger file sizes. It is recommended to start with the largest canvas size you might need and downsize if your system becomes sluggish. For printing digital art, a minimum canvas size of 3300 by 2550 pixels is suggested, while a canvas size of 7200 x 10800 pixels may be required for posters.
The resolution of an image, measured in pixels per inch (PPI) or dots per inch (DPI), refers to the number of pixels assigned to each inch of the image. Higher resolutions result in better print quality. For high-quality photo printing on an inkjet printer, an image resolution of at least 220 PPI is recommended. It is important to note that increasing the resolution of an image by upsampling can lead to a loss of detail and sharpness, so it is best to scan images at a sufficiently high resolution initially.
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Resampling
The number of pixels required for a high-resolution image depends on the intended use of the image. For instance, a desktop or phone wallpaper can be 1920x1080 pixels or 2560 x 1440 pixels. Instagram's image sizes are 1080 x 1080 pixels (square), 1080 x 566 pixels (landscape), and 1080 x 1350 pixels (portrait). If you want to print your digital art, your canvas should be a minimum of 3300 x 2550 pixels. For poster-sized prints, a canvas size of more than 6000 pixels on the long side is ideal.
Now, you may need to resample your image to match these dimensions. Resampling is the process of altering an image's resolution by either adding or removing pixels. It is often done when the original image resolution is too low for the desired use. When you increase the number of pixels in an image, it is called upsampling, and when you reduce the number of pixels, it is called downsampling.
During upsampling, new pixels are added through a process called interpolation, where the values of the new pixels are calculated based on the values of the neighbouring original pixels. This can smooth out the image and make it appear more lifelike, but it can also result in a loss of detail and sharpness. On the other hand, downsampling involves deleting information from the image, which can lead to a loss of image quality.
It is important to note that resampling should be used judiciously as it can affect the overall quality of the image. If the image is resampled to larger pixel dimensions, it may lose sharpness and detail. To counter this, you can apply the Unsharp Mask filter to a resampled image to enhance its details. To avoid resampling altogether, ensure that you scan or create the image at a sufficiently high resolution.
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Printer resolution
Inkjet printers, for example, use nozzles to spray tiny drops of ink onto the paper. Laser printers, on the other hand, melt dots of toner against the paper. The more dots that can be squeezed into a square inch, the sharper the resulting image. For instance, a 600 DPI printer can print 600 dots horizontally and 600 dots vertically within a square inch.
Most inkjet printers have a resolution of around 720 to 2880 DPI, while specialised inkjet printers can go up to 9600 x 2400 DPI. The Epson range of A3 professional photo printers offers a resolution of 5760 x 1440 DPI, and their Canon equivalents provide 4800 x 2400 DPI. A2 photographic printers and large-format devices typically have slightly lower resolutions, such as 2400 x 1200 DPI or 2880 x 1440 DPI. This is because A2 size and larger prints are often intended for display as posters or artworks, viewed from a distance, so a lower resolution can still provide a smooth and detailed effect.
The type of paper used also affects the print quality. Laser printers produce crisp text using toner, which doesn't bleed into the paper like ink does. Monochrome laser printers are ideal for black-and-white documents, resulting in sharper text than high-resolution inkjet printers. Plain copy paper works well with laser printers, whereas inkjet printers require specific types of paper due to their water-based ink being absorbed by paper fibres.
For everyday purposes, printing at the highest resolution is unnecessary and a waste of ink. Many printers offer a draft-quality setting that uses less ink and is suitable for quick prints, such as letters or handouts. For photographs, a resolution of 1200 DPI or higher is recommended, with 220 PPI being sufficient for high-quality photo prints.
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Frequently asked questions
A high-resolution image is one with a high number of pixels per inch (PPI) or dots per inch (DPI). PPI refers to the number of pixels in one inch of an image on a screen, while DPI refers to the number of "pixels" in one inch of a printed image. A higher PPI or DPI results in better image quality.
A PPI of 72 was the norm for screens, but with high-pixel-density screens like phones and tablets, PPI values can go up to 250. To print a high-quality photo on an inkjet printer, an image resolution of at least 220 PPI is recommended.
Most inkjet printers have a resolution of approximately 720 to 2880 DPI. A higher DPI will result in finer printed output.
For digital art, a canvas size of 3300 by 2550 pixels is recommended as a minimum for printing. A canvas size of more than 6000 pixels on the long side is typically not needed unless printing at a large scale, such as for posters. For desktop or phone wallpapers, a canvas size of 1920x1080 pixels is often sufficient, but you can go up to 2560 x 1440 pixels for higher resolution.
