Marcus Chen
DNA Painter is a tool for anyone who wants to visualise the results of an autosomal DNA test for family history research. It allows you to map chromosome segments to ancestors and visualise known ancestral segments, as well as more speculative or unknown matches. To input your Gedmatch results to DNA Painter, you can copy and paste the table of segments provided into a CSV format. To do this, log into Gedmatch and run the Tier 1 matching segment search. Once the results have loaded, copy and paste the entire page into a spreadsheet or Google Sheet, then delete the top 20 or so lines of the file, leaving the line with 'Kit, Chr, Start Position, End Position, cM, SNPs, Name, Sex, Email' as the header row. Save this as a CSV file and DNA Painter will recognise the format.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Gedmatch Results | Tier 1 matching segment search |
| DNA Painter Input Format | CSV file |
| DNA Painter Input Method | Import |
| DNA Painter Data Source | DNA Testing company, Gedmatch, 23andMe, FamilytreeDNA, MyHeritage, Living DNA |
| DNA Painter Data Type | Segment data, not raw DNA data |
| DNA Painter Visualisation | Chromosome segments mapped to ancestors |
| DNA Painter Tools | Shared cM tool, WATO |
| Gedmatch Data Type | Autosomal DNA, X-DNA |
| Gedmatch Tools | One-to-one comparison tool, One-to-many tool, One-to-one X comparison |
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What You'll Learn
Copy and paste the table of segments into a CSV format
To copy and paste the table of segments into a CSV format, you need to first log into Gedmatch and run the Tier 1 matching segment search on the relevant kit. Once the results have loaded, copy the entire page and paste it into a spreadsheet or Google sheet. Delete the top 20 or so lines of the file, leaving the line with 'Kit, Chr, Start Position, End Position, cM, SNPs, Name, Sex, Email' as the header row. Save this as a comma-separated-values (CSV) file, which DNA Painter will recognise.
The content of the 'Kit', 'Sex' and 'Email' fields will be appended to the notes on imported segments. If you have a parent tested and uploaded to Gedmatch, you can use the Phasing tool to create separate kits of your maternal and paternal DNA.
You can also copy and paste the table data straight into the 'Paint a new match' form. It doesn't matter if you include the header or other data.
Another option is to go to the Chromosome Browser and select yourself and your match. At the bottom of the page, you'll see a section called 'Shared segments info' with a table of data that can be pasted into DNA Painter.
It's important to note that you don't upload any raw DNA to DNA Painter. The site lets you ''paint'' your DNA by using the segments you share with your matches. When you create a blank chromosome map, this represents your chromosomes, with a maternal and paternal chromosome in each pair. You can then start to map segments of your chromosomes to specific ancestors by 'painting' the segments you share with matches.
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Save the file to your computer
To input your GEDmatch results into DNA Painter, you must first log in to your GEDmatch account and run the Tier 1 matching segment search on the relevant kit. Once the results have loaded, copy the entire page. Next, paste the copied results into a spreadsheet or Google Sheet. You will then need to delete the top 20 or so lines of the file, leaving the line with 'Kit, Chr, Start Position, End Position, cM, SNPs, Name, Sex, Email' as the header row.
Now, save this file to your computer as a Comma-Separated-Values (CSV) file. This is important: make sure you save the file to your computer, rather than opening it. DNA Painter will recognise the format of this CSV file. The content of the 'Kit', 'Sex', and 'Email' fields will be appended to the notes on imported segments.
If you have a parent tested and uploaded to GEDmatch, you can use the Phasing tool to create separate kits of your maternal and paternal DNA.
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Upload your DNA to a site that provides segment data
To upload your DNA to a site that provides segment data, you can use a variety of online tools and platforms. Here are some options:
DNA Painter
DNA Painter is a website that allows you to visualise your DNA results and map chromosome segments to ancestors. To use DNA Painter, you can import a file of segment data provided by your DNA testing company or a DNA Painter CSV file. This is not your raw DNA file but a file containing the coordinates for each segment you share with your matches.
To import data from Gedmatch, log in to your Gedmatch account and run the Tier 1 matching segment search on the relevant kit. Once the results have loaded, copy and paste the entire page into a spreadsheet or Google Sheet. Delete the top 20 or so lines, leaving the line with 'Kit, Chr, Start Position, End Position, cM, SNPs, Name, Sex, Email' as the header row. Save this as a comma-separated values (CSV) file, which DNA Painter will recognise.
FamilyTreeDNA, MyHeritage, and GEDmatch
These platforms allow you to transfer your DNA files for matching and other tools. You can upload your raw DNA data to MyHeritage, and they will provide matches from their database. FamilyTreeDNA also offers the ability to take an mtDNA or Y-DNA test, providing results specific to your maternal or paternal line, respectively.
Sequencing.com
Sequencing.com is an app marketplace that provides free, confidential storage of your genetic data. It offers access to various apps that can provide insights and analyses of your DNA data for a fee.
Genomelink
Genomelink is another website that allows you to upload your raw DNA data to get additional analysis.
LivingDNA
LivingDNA is a database that allows you to upload your raw DNA data to search for additional family matches.
Before uploading your DNA data to any platform, always read the terms and conditions to ensure you are comfortable with them.
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Find the segments that you share
To find the segments that you share, follow these steps:
First, log in to your DNA Painter account and select the 'Add Data' option from the main menu. Choose 'Gedmatch Triangulation' as the data source and then select the kit number associated with your Gedmatch results.
Next, you will need to select the chromosome browser file that you wish to upload. This file should be in the form of a .csv file that you have downloaded from Gedmatch. You can find this file by navigating to the 'Downloads' section on the Gedmatch website and selecting the 'Chromosome Browser' option. Once you have selected the appropriate file, click 'Upload' to continue.
After the file has been uploaded, you will need to specify the minimum centimorgans (cM) and the maximum number of shared matches to include in the painting process. It is recommended to set the minimum cM to 7 and the maximum shared matches to 2000, but you can adjust these settings based on your preferences.
Review the segments that DNA Painter has identified as shared between you and your matches. These segments will be highlighted in different colors, and you can hover your mouse over each segment to view additional information, including the start and end locations, the number of centimorgans, and the name of the match with whom you share the segment.
Finally, you can choose to 'Accept' or 'Ignore' each suggested segment. If you are satisfied with the segment and wish to include it in your DNA painting, click 'Accept'. If you believe the segment is not accurate or relevant, click 'Ignore' to discard it. You can also use the 'Accept All' and 'Ignore All' buttons at the bottom of the page to apply the same action to all segments.
By following these steps, you can accurately identify and input the shared segments from your Gedmatch results into DNA Painter, allowing you to visualize your genetic matches and gain deeper insights into your genetic heritage.
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Copy and paste the data into the 'Paint a new match' form
To copy and paste data from Gedmatch into DNA Painter, you will first need to log into your Gedmatch account and run the Tier 1 matching segment search on the relevant kit. Once the results have loaded, copy the entire page and paste it into a spreadsheet or Google sheet. Delete the top 20 or so lines of the file, leaving the line with 'Kit, Chr, Start Position, End Position, cM, SNPs, Name, Sex, Email' as the header row. Save this as a comma-separated-values (CSV) file, which DNA Painter will recognise.
You can also copy and paste the table data straight into the 'Paint a new match' form in DNA Painter. This can be done by going to the Chromosome Browser and selecting yourself and your match. At the bottom of the page, you will see a section called 'Shared segments info' with a table of data that can be pasted into DNA Painter.
When you create a blank chromosome map in DNA Painter, this represents your chromosomes, with a maternal and paternal chromosome in each pair. You don't need to add yourself to the map as the unpainted map already represents you. The first matches you should paint are those where you know how you're related. For example, if you have a known second cousin, Jane, at the top of your match list, you will need to find the segments that you share. This will be available via the one-to-one comparison (Gedmatch), the DNA Relatives tool (23andme) or the chromosome browser (familytreeDNA and MyHeritage). To paint a match, click 'Paint a match' at the top right of your map. A form will appear, and you can copy and paste the segment data into the form.
DNA Painter is a tool for anyone who would like visual tools to interpret results from an autosomal DNA test for family history research. You can set up a map for each test result, visualising known ancestral segments as well as more speculative or unknown matches. You can also make notes on segments and groups, and give an indication of how confident you are that you've identified a segment correctly.
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Frequently asked questions
To input your GEDmatch results to DNA Painter, you must first log in to your GEDmatch account and run the Tier 1 matching segment search on the relevant kit. Once the results have loaded, copy and paste the entire page into a spreadsheet. Delete the top 20 lines of the file, leaving the line with 'Kit, Chr, Start Position, End Position, cM, SNPs, Name, Sex, Email' as the header row. Save this as a CSV file and upload it to DNA Painter.
DNA Painter does not require your raw DNA data. Instead, it uses the segment data that you can obtain from sites like 23andMe, FamilyTreeDNA, GEDmatch, Living DNA, and MyHeritage. This data contains the coordinates for each segment you share with your matches, allowing you to paint your DNA on a blank chromosome map.
To find the segment data for a match on GEDmatch, use one of the tools listed on the right side of the homepage under 'DNA Applications'. If you know the kit number of your match, go to the one-to-one comparison tool and enter your kit number and the other person's kit number. You can also click on 'one-to-many' to bring up a table of matches, with the closest at the top. Click on the 'A' to the left of the match name to access the one-to-one comparison tool with the kit numbers pre-filled.
